Table 1.

New World and Old World NHPs

Features	New World NHPs (Platyrrhines)	Old World NHPs (Catarrhines)
Size	Primates of small to medium size	Primates of medium to large size
Tail	Prehensile (used as 5th limb)	Not prehensile (not used as 5th limb)
Nose	Flat nosed, sideways-facing, widely separated nostrils	Narrow nosed, downwards-facing, close-set nostrils
Dental	12 premolar teeth	8 premolar teeth
Vision	Monochromatic vision with the exception of Howler monkeys	Colored trichromatic vision
Thumbs	Aligned with other fingers; non-opposable	Not aligned with other fingers; opposable
Rump	Lack of padding	Sitting pads present
Habitat	Primarily live in trees	Varied habitat ranging from deserts to rainforests
Pairing	Tend to be monogamous, forming pair bonds and showing paternal care from both parents	Usually less monogamous
Species	Capuchins, Howler monkeys, Marmosets Owl monkeys, Sakis, Spider monkeys, Squirrel monkeys, Tamarins, Titi monkeys, Uakaris, Woollys	Rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta), Cynomolgus (aka long-tailed or crab-eating) monkeys (Macaca fasicularis), African Green monkeys, Baboons Bonobos, Chimpanzees, Colobus, Gibbons, Gorillas, Guenons, Langurs Leaf monkeys, Macaques, Mangabeys, Orangutans, Patas, Proboscids, Siamangs