. 2018 Jun 27;126(6):067008. doi: 10.1289/EHP2663

Table 2.

Odds ratios (posterior means) and 95% credible intervals for associations between block group–level sociodemographic and geographic characteristics and the presence of Class II injection wells in Ohio (2010–2016), based on three models ( $n = 156$ block groups with CII injection well; $n = 9,049$ without CII injection well).

Characteristic	NSGLM (DIC: 1095.89, $p_{D}$ : 10.13)	SGLMM (DIC: 985.72, $p_{D}$ : 114.13)	Sparse SGLMM ( $q = 250$ ) (DIC: 1049.71, $p_{D}$ : 47.50)
UNG well (per 1 count)	0.968 (0.943, 0.988)^a	0.974 (0.947, 0.994)^a	0.967 (0.939, 0.989)^a
Median age (per 1 y)	0.987 (0.964, 1.01)	0.980 (0.952, 1.01)	0.984 (0.959, 1.01)
Education $\geq high school$ (per 1%)	1.01 (0.991, 1.04)	1.01 (0.986, 1.04)	1.01 (0.988, 1.04)
Median income (per $10,000)	0.834 (0.727, 0.939)^a	0.867 (0.733, 1.01)	0.837 (0.719, 0.961)^a
White only (per 1%)	1.01 (0.986, 1.04)	1.01 (0.982, 1.04)	1.02 (0.990, 1.05)
Voter turnout (per 1%)	0.993 (0.961, 1.02)	1.01 (0.965, 1.05)	0.994 (0.959, 1.03)
Population density (per $1,000 {people / mi}^{2}$ )^b	0.023 (0.006, 0.050)^a	0.017 (0.004, 0.045)^a	0.030 (0.008, 0.072)^a
Water area (per $1 {km}^{2}$ )	0.933 (0.815, 1.00)	0.903 (0.751, 1.00)	0.904 (0.761, 1.00)
Utica Shale (yes vs. no)	6.13 (4.08, 9.07)^a	1.18 (0.350, 2.93)	5.06 (2.76, 8.36)^a
Marcellus Shale (yes vs. no)	1.76 (1.14, 2.63)^a	1.49 (0.577, 3.12)	2.58 (1.29, 4.45)^a

Note: All posterior summaries were generated using models that included all characteristics shown in Table 2. DIC, deviance information criterion; NSGLM, non-spatial generalized linear model; $p_{D}$ , effective number of parameters; q, model complexity; SGLMM, spatial generalized linear mixed model; Sparse SGLMM, sparse version of the SGLM; UNG, hydraulically fractured unconventional natural gas well.

^{^a}

Indicates statistical significance; 95% credible interval does not include 1.00.

^{^b}

Each unit of ${people / mi}^{2}$ is equivalent to $0.386 {people / km}^{2}$ .