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. 2018 Aug 9;13(8):e0201449. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201449

Table 3. Submaximal and maximal aerobic capacity data.

Baseline Following
Regular Care		 Following
Exercise
Mean SD Mean SD Mean SD P value
Aerobic Capacity (3 min Stage)
    N 13 13 13
    Rating Perceived Exertion 8 2 8 2 7bc 1 0.252
    Submaximal HR (bpm) 104 10 103 14 99b 13 0.281
    Minute Ventilation (L·min-1) 23.59 8.67 17.44°a 5.97 20.83Δc 4.71 0.004*
    Respiratory Exchange Ratio 0.79 0.27 0.61°a 0.07 0.72Δc 0.04 0.042*
    VO2 (L·min-1) 1.13 0.30 0.83°a 0.40 0.86†b 0.29 0.004*
    VO2 (ml·kg-1·min-1) 15.84 1.70 12.05°a 3.08 13.51Δb 2.55 0.010*
Aerobic Capacity (6 min Stage)
    N 13 13 13
    Rating Perceived Exertion 9 2 9 2 8†bc 2 0.025*
    Submaximal HR (bpm) 137 17 132 20 122†Δbc 15 0.001*
    Minute Ventilation (L·min-1) 28.45 8.47 23.89°a 8.09 23.53†b 6.23 0.007*
    Respiratory Exchange Ratio 0.86 0.29 0.67°a 0.09 0.78Δc 0.04 0.048*
    VO2 (L·min-1) 1.35 0.34 1.15° 0.45 0.98†Δb 0.31 0.000*
    VO2 (ml·kg-1·min-1) 18.79 2.27 16.66°a 2.48 15.26†bc 2.07 0.001*
Aerobic Capacity (9 min Stage)
    N 13 13 13
    Rating Perceived Exertion 11 2 10a 2 9bc 2 0.142
    Submaximal HR (bpm) 161 12 156 14 152†b 12 0.002*
    Minute Ventilation (L·min-1) 35.64 12.03 28.41°a 9.15 27.57†b 7.56 0.000*
    Respiratory Exchange Ratio 0.95 0.43 0.72a 0.08 0.80c 0.03 0.098
    VO2 (L·min-1) 1.63 0.52 1.27°a 0.58 1.14†b 0.42 0.001*
    VO2 (ml·kg-1·min-1) 22.69 4.10 19.52°a 2.63 17.30†Δbc 2.42 0.000*
Aerobic Capacity (Peak)
    N 13 13 13
    Rating Perceived Exertion 17 2 16 2 17 3 0.319
    Maximal Heart Rate (bpm) 184 10 180 16 181 15 0.201
    Minute Ventilation (L·min-1) 73.18 30.86 62.44 23.16 68.85 22.29 0.114
    Respiratory Exchange Ratio 0.98 0.08 0.91°a 0.09 1.01Δc 0.08 0.003*
    VO2peak (L·min-1) 2.72 1.03 2.46 1.10 2.51 1.14 0.163
    VO2peak (ml·kg-1·min-1) 38.50 12.32 37.35 11.94 38.53 12.92 0.431
    VO2peak (ml·LBM-1·min-1) 61.07 10.04 60.74 10.91 58.25 11.25 0.261

HR, heart rate; LBM, lean body mass.

*Denotes statistical significance (p ≤ 0.05) between time points using One-Way Repeated Measures ANOVA

°Denotes statistical significance (p ≤ 0.05) between Baseline and Regular Care using post-hoc paired t-tests

†Denotes statistical significance (p ≤ 0.05) between Baseline and Exercise using post-hoc paired t-tests

ΔDenotes statistical significance (p ≤ 0.05) between Regular Care and Exercise using post-hoc paired t-tests

aDenotes moderate to large effect size (d = ≥ 0.5) between Baseline and Regular Care using Cohen’s D effect sizes

bDenotes moderate to large effect size (d = ≥ 0.5) between Baseline and Exercise using Cohen’s D effect sizes

cDenotes moderate to large effect size (d = ≥ 0.5) between Regular Care and Exercise using Cohen’s D effect sizes