Table 1. Demographic characteristics (n = 109).
| Grade I | Grade II | Grade III | Grade IV | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case numbers | 14 | 47 | 17 | 31 | |
| Age* (mean± SD) | 34.4± 5.2 | 34.7± 5.3 | 35.1± 5.4 | 33.5± 4.8 | 0.696 |
| Gestational weeks* (mean± SD) | 6.1± 0.6 | 7.2± 1.4 | 9.3± 1.6 | 9.0± 2.1 | < 0.0001 |
| Initial β-hCG level (IU/L)* (mean± SD) | 20,156± 19,532 | 42,954± 36,934 | 48,359± 34,385 | 29,043± 37,881 | 0.053 |
| Interval from prior cesarean section (months)* (mean± SD) | 68.0± 36.0 | 64.7± 54.7 | 66± 55.1 | 49.9± 39.3 | 0.619 |
| Number of prior cesarean sections† (n) | 0.597 | ||||
| 0–1 | 7 | 16 | 8 | 14 | |
| ≥2 | 7 | 31 | 9 | 17 | |
| Number of prior dilatation and curettage† (n) | 0.315 | ||||
| 0 | 5 | 21 | 5 | 13 | |
| 1 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 10 | |
| ≥2 | 6 | 21 | 7 | 8 | |
| Gravida† | |||||
| 2–3 | 5 | 17 | 6 | 13 | 0.785 |
| 4–5 | 7 | 17 | 7 | 14 | |
| ≥6 | 2 | 13 | 4 | 4 | |
| Operation† | < 0.0001 | ||||
| No | 2 | 9 | 2 | 18 | |
| TCR | 10 | 7 | 1 | 0 | |
| Hysterotomy via LSC | 1 | 4 | 0 | 0 | |
| Hysterotomy via laparotomy | 1 | 25 | 11 | 8 | |
| Hysterectomy | 0 | 2 | 3 | 5 |
n: number
*ANOVA test
†Chi-squared test
TCR: transcervical resection, LSC: laparoscopy