Table 2.
The effects different pre-treatment groups on SOD, GSH, and MDA in the gastric tissue homogenates of indomethacin- and ethanol-induced gastric lesions in rats
| Ulcer model | Groups | SOD (U/g tissue) | GSH (nmol/g tissue) | MDA (nmol/g tissue) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indomethacin-induced | Ulcer control | 13.76 ± 0.26 | 49.31 ± 14.88 | 91.77 ± 15.26 |
| Omeprazole | 14.00 ± 0.07 | 123.20 ± 14.87*** | 79.31 ± 3.05 | |
| EM | 13.80 ± 0.15 | 72.86 ± 8.94* | 83.82 ± 7.89 | |
| KSO | 13.80 ± 0.16 | 75.07 ± 43.19* | 80.63 ± 20.5 | |
| KSOM | 13.85 ± 0.07 | 85.25 ± 19.63* | 78.93 ± 11.58 | |
| KSON | 14.00 ± 0.07 | 102.44 ± 17.26*** | 74.03 ± 7.84 | |
| Ethanol-induced | Ulcer control | 13.44 ± 0.20 | 39.55 ± 6.35 | 77.74 ± 4.45 |
| Omeprazole | 13.52 ± 0.24 | 81.61 ± 11.05*** | 57.05 ± 10.55 | |
| EM | 13.41 ± 0.32 | 59.36 ± 9.81* | 62.08 ± 18.29 | |
| KSO | 13.42 ± 0.36 | 59.85 ± 3.09* | 59.68 ± 8.94 | |
| KSOM | 13.49 ± 0.26 | 59.89 ± 7.58* | 56.07 ± 17.33 | |
| KSON | 13.52 ± 0.04 | 84.31 ± 23.66*** | 52.66 ± 3.83* |
Values are expressed as mean ± S.D. (n = 5). Statistical comparison was determined by One-Way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s multiple comparison tests
EM emulsifier mixture, KSO, kenaf seed oil, KSOM kenaf seed oil-in-water macroemulsions, KSON kenaf seed oil-in-water nanoemulsions
*p < 0.05 statistically significant compared to the ulcer control group
***p < 0.001 statistically significant compared to the ulcer control group