Table 1.

Selection of virulence-associated S. aureus USA300 proteins found in the sphingomyelin liposome/toxin pellets identified by mass spectrometry.

Protein	Gene Name Locus Tag	Size (kDa)	Human host cell targets
α-hemolysin	hla SAUSA300_1058	36	Cholesterol and sphingomyelin enriched microdomains [24]; A Disintegrin And Metalloprotease 10 (ADAM10) [9]
γ-hemolysin component A	hlgA SAUSA300_2365	35	Chemokine receptors [40, 41]
γ-hemolysin component B	hlgB SAUSA300_2367	37	Chemokine receptors [40, 41]
Panton-Valentine leukocidin, LukS-PV	lukS-PV SAUSA300_1382	35	Complement receptors [41, 42]
Panton-Valentine leukocidin, LukF-PV	lukF-PV SAUSA300_1381	37	Complement receptors [41, 42]
δ-hemolysin	hld SAUSA300_1988	5	Receptor-independent binding to the plasma membrane [6]; formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2/ALX) [8]
Phenol-soluble modulin α1 peptide, PSM-α1	psmA1 SAUSA300_0424.4	2	Receptor-independent binding to the plasma membrane [6]; formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2/ALX) [8]
Phenol-soluble modulin α3 peptide, PSM-α3	psmA3 SAUSA300_0424.2	3	Receptor-independent binding to the plasma membrane [6]; formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2/ALX) [8]
Phenol-soluble modulin α4 peptide, PSM-α4	psmA4 SAUSA300_0424.1	2	Receptor-independent binding to the plasma membrane [6]; formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2/ALX) [8]

The full list of proteins commonly found in three bacterial supernatant preparations is given in Supplementary Table 1.