Table 4.

Summary of overarching themes.

Organizing themes	Basic themes	Number of KIIs or FGDs in which theme was mentioned
		KIIs (n = 21)	FGDs (n = 22)
Theme 1. Multiple, diverse non-nutritional reasons for raising livestock	i.Income generation & savings (school fees, health, emergency funds)	19	22
	ii.Ceremonial or symbolic uses (marriages, funerals, child naming)	18	19
	iii.Enhancing crop production (draught animal power; manure fertilizer)	16	13
Theme 2. ASF affordability barriers and poor understanding of nutritional values	i.Difficult to afford (production risks and costs, price at market high)	16	11
	ii.Lack of knowledge (special nutritional needs, ASF health benefits)	11	6
	iii.Selective consumption (mostly small or sick animals, unequal sharing at the household level [gender and age])	13	18
Theme 3. Perceived pathways for expanding ASF consumption to reduce anemia	i.Social and behavior change communication (education)	17	5
	ii.Improved livestock housing (animal safety, reducing human disease)	10	11
	iii.Encourage livestock with in-kind credit (expand programs, education)	7	10
	iv.Enhanced fowl hatchery management (share improved techniques)	2	–