Table 2.
Factors associated with ELISA S/C
| N | ELISA S/C (mean (SD), median (IQR), range | Test | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age group (year) | Comparing < 1 year vs. 1 year or older Wilcoxon rank-sum test P value < 0.001 |
||
| < 1 | 174 | 0.10 (0.17), 0.06 (0.04, 0.10), 0.01–1.65 | |
| 1–3 | 426 | 0.14 (0.16), 0.10 (0.07, 0.15), 0.01–1.60 | |
| 3–5 | 430 | 0.14 (0.10), 0.11 (0.07, 0.17), 0.02–0.89 | |
| Fever | Wilcoxon rank-sum test P value 0.47 | ||
| Yes | 66 | 0.11 (0.08), 0.09 (0.05, 0.14), 0.02–0.44 | |
| No | 960 | 0.13 (0.15), 0.10 (0.06, 0.15), 0.01–1.65 | |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | Comparing anemia vs. no anemia | ||
| < 10 (anemia) | 316 | 0.14 (0.16), 0.10 (0.05, 0.16), 0.01–1.60 | Wilcoxon rank-sum test P value 0.85 |
| 10–11 | 321 | 0.12 (0.14), 0.09 (0.06, 0.14), 0.01–1.65 | |
| > 11 | 391 | 0.13 (0.13), 0.10 (0.06, 0.15), 0.02–1.28 | |
| RDT status | Wilcoxon rank-sum test P value < 0.001 | ||
| Negative | 840 | 0.12 (0.14), 0.09 (0.06, 0.14), 0.01–1.65 | |
| Positive | 186 | 0.16 (0.15), 0.13 (0.08, 0.18), 0.02–1.01 | |
| Malaria smear*/RDT+ | Wilcoxon rank-sum test P value 0.62 | ||
| Positive | 70 | 0.14 (0.11), 0.13 (0.09, 0.17), 0.02–0.82 | |
| Negative | 110 | 0.17 (0.17), 0.13 (0.07, 0.18), 0.02–1.01 | |
| Overall | 1,030 | 0.13 (0.14), 0.10 (0.06, 0.15), 0.01–1.65 | – |
IQR = inter quartile range; RDT = rapid diagnostic testing; S/C = signal to cutoff; SD = standard deviation. Bold text highlights statistical significance.
*
Malaria smear: 194 slides were read, 180 RDT positives and 14 RDT negatives: 70/180 (38.9%) of the RDT positives were positive for malaria, and 4/14 (28.6) of the RDT negative were positive for malaria. Results presented in Table 2 are for RDT-positive children.