Table 3.
Factors associated with cure
| Variable | Cure no. (%) | Univariate analysis OR (95% CI) | P value | Multivariate analysis OR (95% CI) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | 0.449 | – | – | ||
| Female | 187 (78.2) | Reference | |||
| Male | 142 (75.1) | 0.840 (0.535–1.319) | |||
| Age (years) | |||||
| 10–20 | 74 (81.3) | Reference | – | Reference | – |
| 21–40 | 196 (82.4) | 1.072 (0.575–2.000) | 0.827 | 0.652 (0.261–1.630) | 0.360 |
| 41–60 | 52 (67.5) | 0.478 (0.235–0.973) | 0.042 | 0.202 (0.067–0.605) | 0.004 |
| > 60 | 7 (31.8) | 0.107 (0.038–0.303) | 0.000 | 0.051 (0.011–0.224) | < 0.001 |
| Weight (kg) | < 0.001 | 0.003 | |||
| < 40 | 100 (66.7) | Reference | Reference | ||
| ≥ 40 | 229 (82.4) | 2.337 (1.477–3.697) | 2.950 (1.462–5.952) | ||
| Residence | 0.201 | – | – | ||
| Rural | 172 (74.5) | Reference | |||
| Urban | 157 (79.0) | 1.346 (0.853–2.124) | |||
| Previous treatment regimen | – | ||||
| New patients | 38 (77.6) | Reference | – | – | |
| Category I | 145 (78.4) | 1.049 (0.492–2.237) | 0.901 | – | |
| Category II | 125 (77.2) | 0.978 (0.455–2.101) | 0.954 | – | |
| Unknown | 21 (65.6) | 0.553 (0.205–1.489) | 0.241 | – | |
| History of SLD use | |||||
| No | 288 (79.8) | Reference | – | Reference | – |
| Yes | 20 (57.1) | 0.338 (0.165–0.692) | 0.003 | 0.277 (0.097–0.789) | 0.016 |
| Unknown | 21 (65.6) | 0.484 (0.223–1.049) | 0.066 | 0.367 (0.103–1.071) | 0.063 |
| Comorbidity | 0.304 | – | – | ||
| No | 286 (77.7) | Reference | |||
| Yes | 43 (71.1) | 0.725 (0.393–1.339) | |||
| Baseline chest X-ray | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |||
| No cavitation | 246 (86.9) | Reference | Reference | ||
| Cavitation | 83 (57.2) | 0.201 (0.125–0.324) | 0.196 (0.103–0.371) | ||
| Baseline smear grading | – | ||||
| Negative | 27 (84.4) | Reference | – | – | |
| Scanty (1–9 AFB/100 HPF) | 11 (91.7) | 2.037 (0.213–19.494) | 0.537 | – | |
| +1 (10–99 AFB/100 HPF) | 101 (75.9) | 0.584 (0.208–1.643) | 0.309 | – | |
| +2 (1–9 AFB/HPF) | 99 (78.0) | 0.655 (0.231–1.857) | 0.426 | – | |
| +3 (> 9 AFB/HPF) | 91 (73.4) | 0.511 (0.182–1.436) | 0.203 | – | |
| Number of resistant drugs | – | ||||
| < 4 | 35 (77.8) | Reference | – | – | |
| 5–6 | 286 (77.3) | 0.973 (0.462–2.046) | 0.942 | – | |
| > 6 | 8 (61.5) | 0.457 (0.122–1.711) | 0.245 | – | |
| Resistance to all five first line drugs (HREZS) | 0.933 | – | – | ||
| No | 138 (76.7) | Reference | |||
| Yes | 191 (77.0) | 1.020 (0.647–1.607) | |||
| Resistance to streptomycin | 0.430 | – | – | ||
| No | 96 (74.4) | Reference | |||
| Yes | 233 (77.9) | 1.214 (0.750–1.963) | |||
| Resistance to ethambutol | 0.882 | – | – | ||
| No | 62 (77.5) | Reference | |||
| Yes | 267 (76.7) | 0.957 (0.535–1.710) | |||
| Resistance to pyrazinamide | 0.370 | – | – | ||
| No | 37 (82.2) | Reference | |||
| Yes | 292 (76.2) | 0.694 (0.312–1.543) | |||
| Resistance to ofloxacin | < 0.001 | 0.005 | |||
| No | 191 (86.0) | Reference | Reference | ||
| Yes | 138 (67.0) | 0.329 (0.204–0.531) | 0.386 (0.198–0.749) | ||
| Resistance to ethionamide | 0.637 | – | – | ||
| No | 313 (77.1) | Reference | |||
| Yes | 16 (72.7) | 0.792 (0.301–2.083) | |||
| Resistance to injectable SLD | 0.227 | – | – | ||
| No | 327 (77.1) | Reference | |||
| Yes | 2 (50.0) | 0.297 (0.041–2.134) | |||
| SCC at month 2 | < 0.001 | 0.232 | |||
| No | 118 (63.8) | Reference | Reference | ||
| Yes | 211 (86.8) | 3.744 (2.322–6.036) | 0.608 (0.269–1.374) | ||
| SCC at month 4 | < 0.001 | 0.012 | |||
| No | 23 (31.1) | Reference | Reference | ||
| Yes | 306 (86.4) | 14.136 (7.925–25.215) | 4.580 (1.391–15.077) | ||
| SCC at month 6 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |||
| No | 8 (15.4) | Reference | Reference | ||
| Yes | 321 (85.4) | 32.100 (14.340–71.855) | 11.622 (3.188–42.371) |
AFB = acid fast bacilli; CI = confidence interval; E = ethambutol; H = isoniazid; HPF = high power field; OR = odds ratio; R = rifampicin; S = streptomycin; SCC = sputum culture conversion; SLD = second-line drug; Z = pyrazinamide.