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. 2015 Jul 16;44(5):1614–1624. doi: 10.1093/ije/dyv143

Figure 2.

Figure 2.

Trends in total cholesterol (mmol/l) in Japan and the USA between 1990 and 2008 by sex from national surveys. The data in Japan of 1990 are from the National Cardiovascular Survey (reference 15) which was recently integrated into the National Health and Nutrition Survey, and the data of 2008 wae from this survey. These surveys in Japan are cross-sectional on a nationally representative sample of the non-institutionalized population of Japan (reference 16). Moreover, in these surveys total cholesterol was measured under the CDC-NHLBI Lipid Standardization Program of the Center for Disease Control and Prevention in the USA (references 15 and 17); thus data are directly compared with those in the USA. The data in the USA of 1988–94 and 2005–08 were from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (reference 18). Numerical data were shown in Supplementary Table 2 .