Table 1.
Scales, reliability, and sample items of the questionnaire used in this study
| Scalea | N items | Cronbach’s α | Sample item |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intrinsic motivation | 5 | 0.79 | Doing research is fun |
| Extrinsic motivation | 4 | 0.77 | I think doing research improves my chances for my preferred residency spot |
| General self-efficacy | 3 | 0.78 | I trust my ability to solve problems |
| Academic self-efficacy | 3 | 0.84 | If I try I can deal with the most difficult parts of the course |
| Research self-efficacy | 3 | 0.88 | I feel I am competent enough to do research |
| Perceptions of research | 5 | 0.83 | It is important for medical professionals to have scientific skills |
| Interest curiosity | 5 | 0.80 | I enjoy investigating new ideas |
| Deprivation curiosity | 5 | 0.84 | If I am busy with a problem, I won’t rest until I have the answer |
| Need for challenge | 3 | 0.81 | I desire an extra challenge on top of the curriculum |
aAll items were answered on a 7-point Likert scale