Table 1.

SAR of ATV399 led to compounds with increased potency

Entry	Compound	Structure	EC50 (μM)	Entry	Compound	Structure	EC50 (μM)
1	ATV399		2.90	8	CAT639		0.48
2	CAT628		>20	9	CAT636		3.10
3	CAT640		>20	10	CBD498		1.2
4	CAT635		8.75	11	CBD504		0.098
5	CAT648		9.54	12	CBD505		0.12
6	CAT646		>20	13	CBD501		0.91
7	CAT634		>20	14	CBE173		8.8

Rat insulin‐producing INS1E cells were pretreated with compounds at different doses (n = 6) for 24 h, followed by co‐treatment with pro‐inflammatory cytokines (10 ng·mL⁻¹ IL‐1β and 100 ng·mL⁻¹ IFNγ) for an additional 24 h. Then cleaved caspase‐9 levels were determined using caspase‐9 Glo, and the luminescence signal evolved was read and used to calculate EC₅₀ values.