Figure 2. Cox regression survival curve in the absence (A) and presence (B) of chronic heart failure stratified in tertiles of geriatric depression scale.

Depression is predictive of long-term mortality in the absence and even more in the presence of CHF, being the increasing GDS score associated with a decreased survival, significantly more marked in CHF patients. CHF: chronic heart failure; CI: confidence interval; GDS: geriatric depression scale; HR: hazard ratio. Modified with permission.[4]