Figure 8.

Effects of PCA on serum levels of osteocalcin and BALP. OVX mice received vehicle, PCA (10 and 20 mg/kg b.w./day), or E₂ for 12 weeks. At the end of experiment, sera were obtained, and osteocalcin (a) and BALP (b) levels were determined using commercial ELISA kits. The results are expressed as mean ± SD (each group, n = 6). ^#p < 0.05 between the sham and OVX-alone group. ^∗p < 0.05 among OVX groups with or without interventions. BALP: bone alkaline phosphatase; b.w.: body weight; E₂: 17β-estradiol; OVX; ovariectomized; PCA: protocatechuic acid.