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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2018 Feb 12;88:129–137. doi: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2018.02.001

Figure 3. Activity of bacterial-derived antimicrobial peptides in the intestine.

Figure 3

Production of bacterocins from Gram-positive bacteria is typically a characteristic of probiotic strains. (A) Specifically, Abp118 of L. salivarius strain UCC118 is able to target pathogenic L. monocytogenes, while (B) B. thuringiensis DPC 6431 restricts C. difficile expansion through the activity of thuricin CD. (C) An E. faecalis strain ectopically expressing the bacteriocin Bac-21 is able to specifically target Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus (VRE) while maintaining the integrity of commensal bacteria. (D) In contrast to probiotic bacteria, some epidemic strains of the Listeria spp. produce Listeriolysin S (LLS) to promote virulence by targeting the host microbiota. Microcins are peptides from Gram-negative bacteria that are smaller than 10 kDa. (E) E. coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) synthesis of microcin M (MccM) and microcin H47 (MccH47) facilities clearance of pathogenic S. Typhimurium and adherent-invasive E. coli (AIEC) in the inflamed intestine, when iron is limited.