Evolution from the common ancestor of Amphioxus and Lamprey resulted in the eventual expansion of the alar plate to accommodate the vestibular, lateral line, and electroreceptive nuclei. Sharks, Latimeria, and salamanders have lost Dorsal cells (DC), but acquired the sensory MesV nucleus. Most bony fish have retained a lateral line projection, but have lost electroreception. Similarly, frogs have done the same, but have additionally gained auditory nuclei. Amniotes have lost both lateral line projections and electroreception, but have retained auditory nuclei. AO, ampullary organs; Neu, neuromasts; ST, solitary tract. Modified after (Fritzsch and Elliott 2017)