Mitofilin knockdown in human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells increases cell death. A, top: flow cytometry with unstained (blank, purple cells), Annexin V only (early apoptosis, brown cells), and 7-aminoactinomycin-D (7-AAD) only (dead cells and/or later apoptosis, green cells) used for calibration. Bottom: Annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) staining followed by flow cytometry analysis was used to assess cell death. B: bar graph showing that the number of cell death (dead and in late apoptosis, green cells, Annexin V+/7-AAD+ measured with PI dye increased in cells with mitofilin siRNA as compared with those treated with scrambled siRNA. C: note that the number of cells in early apoptosis (Annexin V+/7-AAD−, brown cells) was similar in both groups, indicating that cells treated with mitofilin siRNA transit quickly to the late apoptosis and then death. D: the number of live cells (unstained, Annexin V−/7-AAD− purple cells) was slightly reduced in HEK 293 cells transfected with mitofilin siRNA-1 versus scrambled siRNA. Values are expressed as means ± SE. *P < 0.05 HEK 293 cells treated with mitofilin siRNA-1 versus cells treated with scrambled siRNA (n = 3/group).