Table 3.
Association of caregiver-child interaction with family childcare types and child conduct problem behaviors.
| Characteristics | Caregiver-child interaction | Conduct problem behaviors | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean ± SD | β (95% CI)† | Taken as a categorical variable: OR (95% CI)† | Taken as a continuous variable: β (95% CI)† | |
| Family childcare types | ||||
| Parents together | 2.59 ± 0.32 | Ref | ||
| Mother alone | 2.49 ± 0.39 | −0.070 (−0.110, −0.029)*** | ||
| Mother with others | 2.55 ± 0.36 | −0.024 (−0.050, 0.002) | ||
| Grandparents | 2.46 ± 0.44 | −0.168 (−0.210, −0.126)*** | ||
| Changing caregivers | 2.53 ± 0.35 | −0.067 (−0.089, −0.046)*** | ||
| Caregiver-child interaction | 0.45 (0.34, 0.59)*** | −0.118 (−0.138, −0.099)*** | ||
†
Model was adjusted for confounders including child age, gender, parental education level, parental age at pregnancy, marital status, and family income.
***
P < 0.001.