Table 2.
Descriptive characteristics of patients with an incident diagnosis of NAFLD in four European primary-care databases
Characteristics | HSD (N = 24,027) | IPCI (N = 18,865) | SIDIAP (N = 77,107) | THIN (N = 23,385) | Test of difference p value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
% / Mean (SD) / median (IQR) | % / Mean (SD) / median (IQR) | % / Mean (SD) / median (IQR) | % / Mean (SD) / median (IQR) | ||
Age in years | 56.2 (14.3) | 56.8 (13.9) | 56.0 (13.4) | 53.7 (13.4) | <0.0001 |
Gender (males) | 57.3% | 49.3% | 52.7% | 51.5% | <0.0001 |
Body mass index in kg/m2 | 29.7 (5.0) | 30.8 (5.4) | 31.3 (5.1) | 32.4 (5.9) | <0.0001 |
History of diabetes or impaired fasting glucose | 18.0% | 20.5% | 20.0% | 21.0% | <0.0001 |
History of hypertension | 47.5% | 36.0% | 42.8% | 40.5% | <0.0001 |
Aspartate transaminase (IU/L) | 24 (19–33) | 29 (22–40) | 29 (22–40) | 32 (24–47) | <0.0001 |
Alanine transaminase (IU/L) | 30 (20–48) | 37 (25–56) | 34 (22–53) | 45 (28–68) | <0.0001 |
Platelet counts (109/L) | 238 (65) | 262 (68.6) | 244 (61.2) | 250 (75.3) | <0.0001 |
AST to ALT ratio | 0.87 (0.34) | 0.80 (0.36) | 0.83 (0.38) | 0.82 (0.38) | <0.0001 |
FIB-4 score | <0.0001 | ||||
Low risk (FIB-4 < 1.30) | 64.3% | 70.4% | 65.5% | 65.0% | |
Indeterminate risk (FIB-4: 1.30–2.67) | 31.4% | 26.7% | 30.3% | 25.0% | |
High risk (FIB-4 > 2.67) | 4.3% | 2.9% | 4.2% | 10.0% |
Arithmetic means were reported for age, BMI, platelet counts and AST to ALT ratio; median (IQR) were reported for albumin, AST and ALT. P values are from ANOVA test of difference between means for continuous variables (for log-transformed AST and ALT), and Chi-2 test of difference for categorical variables. Number of patients with data available on each of these variables is provided in Additional file 1: Table S3
ALT alanine transaminase, ANOVA analysis of variance, AST aspartate transaminase, BMI body mass index, HSD Health Search Database, IPCI Integrated Primary Care Information, IQR interquartile range, SD standard deviation, SIDIAP Information System for Research in Primary Care, THIN The Health Improvement Network