Table 5.
Potential Predictive Biomarker | Therapy Selection |
---|---|
AR-V7 31,32,34,64 | Not detected: ARS inhibitors Detected: taxane chemotherapy |
Activating AR-LBD mutations and/or AR gene amplification65,66 | Not detected: ARS inhibitors Detected: taxane chemotherapy |
CTC heterogeneity67 (Shannon index) | Low (Shannon <1.5): TARS inhibitors High (Shannon ≥1.5): taxane chemotherapy |
DDR gene alterations | PARP inhibitors68 or platinum agents69 |
Microsatellite instability (MSI-high) | Immunotherapy with anti-PD-1 (pembrolizumab)70 |
Abbreviations: ARS: androgen receptor signaling; AR-V7: androgen receptor splice variant 7; AR-LBD: androgen receptor ligand-binding domain; CTC: circulating tumor cell; DDR: DNA damage repair; PARP: poly ADP (adenosine diphosphate)-ribose polymerase; PD-1 programmed death.