Table 2.

Methods used to detect and quantify aerobic spores in water

Indicator/Surrogate	Medium	Heat treatment	Performance	Reference
Aerobic spores	Nutrient agar + trypan blue	80 °C, 12 min	Spore removal closely parallels particle removal	Rice et al. (1996)
Indigenous aerobic endospores and B. subtilis endospores	Nutrient agar + trypan blue	80 °C, 12 min	Indigenous aerobic endospores were a good indicator of ozone treatment effectiveness	Owens et al. (2000)
Indigenous aerobic endospores	Pads saturated in TSB	75 °C, 15 min	Indigenous aerobic endospores were a good indicator of ozone treatment effectiveness	Facile et al. (2000)
B. subtilis aerobic endospores	Nutrient agar pour plates	80 °C, 10 min	Spores were 400 times more resistant to UV than enteric bacteria but less resistant than A. castellanii cysts	Chang et al. (1985)