Table 1.
Sociodemographic characteristics and HIV high-risk behaviors among a community-based sample of 3,588 local and migrant men who have sex with men (MSM) in Beijing, China
| Variable | Migration status
|
P-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total N=3,588 |
Migrants N=2,699 |
Local residents N=899 |
||
| Age, year | <0.001 | |||
| <30 | 2,097 (58.4) | 1,646 (61.0) | 451 (50.7) | |
| ≥30 | 1,491 (41.6) | 1,053 (39.0) | 438 (49.3) | |
| Year of living in Beijing | <0.001 | |||
| ≤ 2 | 929 (25.9) | 872 (32.3) | 57 (6.4) | |
| 3–5 | 922 (25.7) | 843 (31.2) | 79 (8.9) | |
| 6–10 | 877 (24.4) | 732 (27.1) | 145 (16.3) | |
| >10 | 860 (24.0) | 252 (9.4) | 608 (68.4) | |
| Ethnicity | 0.41 | |||
| Han | 3,361 (93.7) | 2,523 (93.5) | 838 (94.3) | |
| Non-Han | 227 (6.3) | 176 (6.5) | 51 (5.7) | |
| Current marital status | 0.05 | |||
| Single | 3,049 (85.0) | 2,275 (84.3) | 774 (87.1) | |
| Married to a woman | 539 (15.0) | 424 (15.7) | 115 (12.9) | |
| Education (year of schooling) | <0.001 | |||
| Junior middle school and less (≤9) | 416 (11.6) | 377 (14.0) | 39 (4.4) | |
| Senior high (10–12) | 593 (16.5) | 516 (19.1) | 77 (8.6) | |
| College and above (>12) | 2,579 (71.9) | 1,806 (66.9) | 773 (87.0) | |
| Employment | <0.001 | |||
| Employed | 2,960 (82.5) | 2,290 (84.8) | 670 (75.4) | |
| Unemployed/retired | 182 (5.1) | 135 (5.0) | 47 (5.3) | |
| Student | 388 (10.8) | 226 (8.4) | 162 (18.2) | |
| Other | 58 (1.6) | 48 (1.8) | 10 (1.1) | |
| Personal monthly income, Chinese yuan | 0.001 | |||
| <5000 | 1,698 (47.3) | 1,320 (48.9) | 378 (42.5) | |
| ≥5000 | 1,890 (52.7) | 1,379 (51.1) | 511 (57.5) | |
| Health insurance | <0.001 | |||
| No | 1,395 (38.9) | 1,294 (47.9) | 101 (11.4) | |
| Yes | 2,193 (61.1) | 1,405 (52.1) | 788 (88.6) | |
| Perception of HIV risk | 0.09 | |||
| Low/no risk | 2,126 (59.3) | 1,578 (58.5) | 548 (61.6) | |
| Likely/very likely | 1,462 (40.7) | 1,121 (41.5) | 341 (38.4) | |
| Ever tested for HIV | 0.60 | |||
| Never | 1,054 (29.4) | 799 (29.6) | 255 (28.7) | |
| Ever | 2,534 (70.6) | 1,900 (70.4) | 634 (71.3) | |
| Number of lifetime male sexual partners | 0.66 | |||
| <10 | 1,815 (50.6) | 1,371 (50.8) | 444 (49.9) | |
| ≥10 | 1,773 (49.4) | 1,328 (49.2) | 445 (50.1) | |
| Alcohol consumption in the past 3 months | 0.44 | |||
| No | 1,574 (43.9) | 1,174 (43.5) | 400 (45.0) | |
| Yes | 2,014 (56.1) | 1,525 (56.5) | 489 (55.0) | |
| Alcohol use before sex in the past 3 months | <0.001 | |||
| No | 2,850 (79.4) | 2,102 (77.9) | 748 (84.1) | |
| Yes | 738 (20.6) | 597 (22.1) | 141 (15.9) | |
| Drug use in the past 3 months | 0.98 | |||
| No | 2,600 (72.5) | 1,956 (72.5) | 644 (72.4) | |
| Yes | 988 (27.5) | 743 (27.5) | 245 (27.6) | |
| Had insertive anal sex with men in the past 3 months | 0.03 | |||
| No | 1,414 (39.4) | 1,036 (38.4) | 378 (42.5) | |
| Yes | 2,174 (60.6) | 1,663 (61.6) | 511 (57.5) | |
| Had condomless insertive anal sex with men in the past 3 months | 0.58 | |||
| No | 2,801 (78.1) | 2,101 (77.8) | 700 (78.7) | |
| Yes | 787 (21.9) | 598 (22.2) | 189 (21.3) | |
| Had receptive anal sex with men in the past 3 months | 0.04 | |||
| No | 1,713 (47.7) | 1,266 (46.9) | 447 (50.3) | |
| Yes | 1,875 (52.3) | 1,433 (53.1) | 442 (49.7) | |
| Had condomless receptive anal sex with men in the past 3 months | 0.13 | |||
| No | 2,855 (79.6) | 2,132 (79.0) | 723 (81.3) | |
| Yes | 733 (20.4) | 567 (21.0) | 166 (18.7) | |
| Had anal sex with HIV-positive men in the past 3 months | 0.77 | |||
| No | 3,496 (97.4) | 2,631 (97.5) | 865 (97.3) | |
| Yes | 92 (2.6) | 68 (2.5) | 24 (2.7) | |
| Had commercial sex with men in the past 3 months | 0.07 | |||
| No | 3,488 (97.2) | 2,616 (96.9) | 872 (98.1) | |
| Yes | 100 (2.8) | 83 (3.1) | 17 (1.9) | |
| Had sex with women in the past 3 months | 0.02 | |||
| No | 3,211 (89.5) | 2,397 (88.8) | 814 (91.6) | |
| Yes | 377 (10.5) | 302 (11.2) | 75 (8.4) | |
| Had condomless vaginal sex with women in the past 3 months | 0.01 | |||
| No | 3,351 (93.4) | 2,505 (92.8) | 846 (95.2) | |
| Yes | 237 (6.6) | 194 (7.2) | 53 (4.8) | |
| HIV positivity | <0.001 | |||
| No | 3,133 (87.3) | 2,310 (85.6) | 823 (92.6) | |
| Yes | 455 (12.7) | 389 (14.4) | 66 (7.4) | |
| Syphilis seropositivity | 0.06 | |||
| No | 3,319 (92.5) | 2,484 (92.0) | 835 (93.9) | |
| Yes | 269 (7.5) | 215 (8.0) | 54 (6.1) | |
| HIV/syphilis co-infection | 0.001 | |||
| No | 3,514 (97.9) | 2,631 (97.5) | 883 (99.3) | |
| Yes | 74 (2.1) | 68 (2.5) | 6 (0.7) | |
Note: IQR, interquartile rage; 1 Chinese yuan=0.15 US dollar; Drug use, use of any drugs, including methamphetamine, MDMA, rush, magu, ketamine, cannabis/marijuana, cocaine, opium, or heroin, Morphine