Table 4.
Multivariable logistic regression of factors associated with HIV and syphilis infections among 2,699 migrant MSM in Beijing, China
| Variable | HIV infection
|
aOR (95% CI) | Syphilis infection
|
aOR (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HIV-positive (N=389) |
HIV-negative (N=2,310) |
Seropositive (N=210) |
Seronegative (N=2,489) |
|||
| Age, year | ||||||
| <30 | NA1 | 104 (49.5) | 1,542 (62.0) | Reference | ||
| ≥30 | 106 (50.5) | 947 (38.0) | 1.38 (1.02, 1.88) | |||
| Ethnicity | ||||||
| Han | NA1 | 189 (90.0) | 2,334 (93.8) | NS | ||
| Non-Han | 21 (10.0) | 155 (6.2) | ||||
| Current marital status | ||||||
| Single | 346 (88.9) | 1,929 (83.5) | Reference | |||
| Married to a woman | 43 (11.1) | 381 (16.5) | 0.60 (0.41, 0.87) | NA2 | ||
| Year of living in Beijing | ||||||
| ≤ 2 | 156 (40.1) | 716 (31.0) | Reference | |||
| 3–5 | 114 (29.3) | 729 (31.6) | 0.74 (0.56, 0.96) | NA2 | ||
| 6–10 | 88 (22.6) | 644 (27.9) | 0.61 (0.45, 0.83) | |||
| >10 | 31 (8.0) | 221 (9.5) | 0.58 (0.37, 0.90) | |||
| Employment | ||||||
| Employed | 323 (83.0) | 1,967 (85.1) | Reference | 173 (82.4) | 2,117 (85.1) | Reference |
| Unemployed/retired | 29 (7.5) | 106 (4.6) | 1.70 (1.10, 2.61) | 20 (9.5) | 115 (4.6) | 1.91 (1.15, 3.17) |
| Student | 23 (5.9) | 203 (8.8) | 10 (4.8) | 216 (8.7) | ||
| Other | 14 (3.6) | 34 (1.5) | 7 (3.3) | 41 (1.6) | ||
| Education (year of schooling) | NS | |||||
| College and above (>12) | 272 (69.9) | 1,534 (66.4) | 108 (51.4) | 1,698 (68.2) | NS | |
| Senior high (10–12) | 55 (14.1) | 461 (20.0) | 49 (23.3) | 467 (18.8) | ||
| Junior middle school and less (≤9) | 62 (16.0) | 315 (13.6) | 53 (25.3) | 324 (13.0) | ||
| Monthly income, Chinese yuan | ||||||
| <5000 | NA1 | 122 (58.1) | 1,198 (48.1) | NS | ||
| ≥5000 | 88 (41.9) | 1,291 (51.9) | ||||
| Health insurance | ||||||
| No | 213 (54.8) | 1,081 (46.8) | NS | 135 (64.3) | 1,159 (46.6) | NS |
| Yes | 176 (45.2) | 1,229 (53.2) | 75 (35.7) | 1,330 (53.4) | ||
| Perception of HIV risk | ||||||
| Low/no risk | 107 (27.5) | 1,471 (63.7) | Reference | 98 (46.7) | 1,480 (59.5) | Reference |
| Likely/very likely | 282 (72.5) | 839 (36.3) | 4.00 (3.13, 5.11) | 112 (53.3) | 1,009 (40.5) | 1.58 (1.18, 2.11) |
| Ever tested for HIV | ||||||
| Never | 144 (37.0) | 655 (28.3) | Reference | NA2 | ||
| Ever | 245 (63.0) | 1,655 (71.7) | 0.65 (0.51, 0.83) | |||
| Alcohol use before sex in the past 3 months | ||||||
| No | 283 (72.7) | 1,819 (78.7) | NS | NA2 | ||
| Yes | 106 (27.3) | 491 (21.3) | ||||
| Drug use in the past 3 months | ||||||
| No | 257 (66.1) | 1,699 (73.5) | NS | NA2 | ||
| Yes | 132 (33.9) | 611 (26.5) | ||||
| Lifetime male sexual partners | ||||||
| <10 | 173 (44.5) | 1,198 (51.9) | Reference | 69 (32.9) | 1,302 (52.3) | Reference |
| ≥10 | 216 (55.5) | 1,112 (48.1) | 1.32 (1.04, 1.68) | 141 (67.1) | 1,187 (47.7) | 2.02 (1.49, 2.75) |
| Had receptive anal sex with men in the past 3 months | ||||||
| No | 125 (32.1) | 1,141 (49.4) | Reference | 84 (40.0) | 1,182 (47.5) | Reference |
| Yes | 264 (67.9) | 1,169 (50.6) | 1.53 (1.16, 2.01) | 126 (60.0) | 1,307 (52.5) | 1.38 (1.03, 1.85) |
| Had condomless receptive sex with men in the past 3 months | ||||||
| No | 252 (64.8) | 1,880 (81.4) | Reference | NA2 | ||
| Yes | 137 (35.2) | 430 (18.6) | 1.34 (1.01, 1.78) | |||
| Had anal sex with HIV-positive men in the past 3 months | ||||||
| No | 373 (95.9) | 2,258 (97.8) | NS | NA2 | ||
| Yes | 16 (4.1) | 52 (2.2) | ||||
| Had sex with women in the past 3 months | ||||||
| No | 366 (94.1) | 2,031 (87.9) | Reference | NA2 | ||
| Yes | 23 (5.9) | 279 (12.1) | 0.58 (0.37, 0.92) | |||
Note: aOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval
Drug use, use of any drugs, including methamphetamine, MDMA, rush, magu, ketamine, cannabis/marijuana, cocaine, opium, heroin, morphine
NS, not statistically significant in multivariable analysis (p>0.05), and were not retained in the final multivariable model after stepwise backward selection procedure;
NA1, not selected for multivariable logistic regression analysis with HIV infection because not meeting the prespecified correlate selection criteria based on Chi square test (p<0.05)
NA2, not selected for multivariable logistic regression analysis with syphilis infection because not meeting the prespecified correlate selection criteria based on Chi square test (p<0.05)