Table 3.
Uni‐ and multivariate analyses of factors associated with 5‐year overall survival (OS) and recurrence‐free survival (RFS) rates in patients with gastric cancer
| Variable | Univariate analysis 5‐year OS | Multivariate analysis 5‐year OS | Univariate analysis 5‐year RFS | Multivariate analysis 5‐year RFS | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | P | HR (95% CI) | P | HR (95% CI) | P | HR (95% CI) | P | |
| SMI | ||||||||
| High | Reference | <.001 | Reference | .002 | Reference | <.001 | Reference | .012 |
| Low | 2.337 (1.702‐2.309) | 1.704 (1.209‐2.403) | 2.125 (1.545‐2.925) | 1.553 (1.101‐2.189) | ||||
| COUNT Score | ||||||||
| Normal | Reference | <.001 | Reference | .173 | Reference | <.001 | Reference | .137 |
| Light | 1.856 (1.367‐2.519) | 1.360 (0.984‐1.879) | 1.837 (1.362‐2.478) | 1.376 (1.005‐1.884) | ||||
| Moderate or severe | 1.839 (1.183‐2.859) | 1.266 (0.753‐2.126) | 1.703 (1.091‐2.659) | 1.154 (0.726‐1.836) | ||||
| Age (y) | ||||||||
| <65 | Reference | .002 | Reference | .766 | Reference | .006 | Reference | .473 |
| ≥65 | 1.563 (1.176‐2.078) | 1.054 (0.733‐1.517) | 1.486 (1.123‐1.968) | 1.124 (0.817‐1.547) | ||||
| Gender | ||||||||
| Female | Reference | .131 | Reference | .051 | ||||
| Male | 0.783 (0.571‐1.075) | 0.736 (0.541‐1.002) | ||||||
| BMI (kg/m2) | ||||||||
| <25 | Reference | .086 | Reference | .156 | ||||
| ≥25 | 0.654 (0.402‐1.063) | 0,716 (0.451‐1.136) | ||||||
| Tumor site | ||||||||
| Upper | Reference | .008 | Reference | .303 | Reference | 0.005 | Reference | .103 |
| Not upper | 0.673 (0.501‐0.903) | 0.824 (0.569‐1.192) | 0.657 (0.491‐0.878) | 0.736 (0.509‐1.064) | ||||
| Tumor size (cm) | ||||||||
| <5.0 | Reference | .076 | Reference | 0.100 | ||||
| ≥5.0 | 0.768 (0.573‐1.028) | 0.786 (0.591‐1.047) | ||||||
| TNM stage | ||||||||
| I | Reference | <.001 | Reference | <.001 | Reference | <.001 | Reference | <.001 |
| II | 2.125 (1.165‐3.876) | 1.931 (1.042‐3.576) | 2.260 (1.267‐4.030) | 2.029 (1.120‐3.678) | ||||
| III | 8.331 (5.009‐13.612) | 7.520 (4.457‐12.690) | 8.178 (5.065‐13.202) | 7.337 (4.365‐12.334) | ||||
| Histological type | ||||||||
| Differentiate | Reference | .063 | Reference | .026 | Reference | .784 | ||
| Undifferentiated | 1.362 (0.984‐1.884) | 1.447 (1.045‐2.004) | 0.953 (0.677‐1.342) | |||||
| Comorbidities | ||||||||
| No | Reference | .352 | Reference | .555 | ||||
| Yes | 1.160 (0.849‐1.583) | 1.098 (0.806‐1.496) | ||||||
| HB (g/L) | ||||||||
| >90 | Reference | .036 | Reference | .702 | Reference | .056 | ||
| ≤90 | 1.535 (1.028‐2.292) | 0.911 (0.564‐1.471) | 1.477 (0.990‐2.204) | |||||
| ASA | ||||||||
| I | Reference | .044 | Reference | .435 | Reference | .102 | ||
| II | 1.483 (1.089‐2.021) | 1.277 (0.880‐1.854) | 1.377 (1.018‐1.863) | |||||
| III | 1.395 (0.602‐3.231) | 1.189 (0.480‐2.945) | 1.501 (0.688‐3.278) | |||||
| Operation method | ||||||||
| Open | Reference | .173 | Reference | .218 | ||||
| Laparoscopic | 0.768 (0.525‐1.123) | 0.788 (0.540‐1.151) | ||||||
| Type of resection | ||||||||
| Subtotal gastrectomy | Reference | <.001 | Reference | .802 | Reference | <.001 | Reference | .944 |
| Total gastrectomy | 1.944 (1.460‐2.591) | 1.089 (0.559‐2.123) | 1.827 (1.379‐2.421) | 1.023 (0.538‐1.945) | ||||
| Type of reconstruction | ||||||||
| Billroth I | Reference | <.001 | Reference | .191 | Reference | <.001 | Reference | .225 |
| Billroth II | 2.582 (1.510‐4.414) | 1.843 (1.044‐3.254) | 2.562 (1.522‐4.313) | 1.745 (1.008‐3.019) | ||||
| Roux‐en‐Y | 2.124 (1.555‐2.901) | 1.158 (0.568‐2.362) | 2.042 (1.505‐2.770) | 1.077 (0.544‐2.132) | ||||
| Other | 1.199 (0.436‐3.294) | 0.926 (0.314‐2.735) | 1.122 (0.409‐3.077) | 0.892 (0.307‐2.590) | ||||
| Surgical durations (min) | ||||||||
| <180 | Reference | .007 | Reference | .237 | Reference | .005 | Reference | .189 |
| ≥180 | 1.502 (1.118‐2.019) | 1.204 (0.885‐1.637) | 1.519 (1.135‐2.032) | 1.224 (0.905‐1.656) | ||||
| Intraoperative blood loss (mL) | ||||||||
| <50 | Reference | 0.380 | Reference | .342 | ||||
| ≥50 | 1.402 (0.659‐2.983) | 1.442 (0.678‐3.066) | ||||||
| Neurovascular invasion | ||||||||
| No | Reference | .008 | Reference | .442 | Reference | .007 | Reference | .406 |
| Yes | 1.523 (1.119‐2.074) | 1.133 (0.824‐1.557) | 1.516 (1.118‐2.057) | 1.141 (0.836‐1.558) | ||||
| Adjuvant chemotherapy | ||||||||
| No | Reference | .036 | Reference | .062 | Reference | .005 | Reference | .281 |
| Yes | 1.357 (1.021‐1.084) | 0.747 (0.552‐1.012) | 1.492 (1126‐1.976) | 0.849 (0.631‐1.143) | ||||
ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; COUNT, controlling nutritional status; HB, hemoglobin; HR, hazard ratio; OS, overall survival; RFS, recurrence‐free survival; SMI, skeletal muscle index.