Table 1. Baseline Characteristics.
| All patients | Diabetic nephropathy | |
|---|---|---|
| Number of patients | 50 | 16 |
| Male/female (n) | 16/34 | 6/10 |
| Age (years) | 53.2 ± 12.5 | 53.8 ± 13.3 |
| Duration of diabetes (years) | 9.1 ± 6.0 | 9.9 ± 7.2 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 30.6 ± 6.2 | 32.1 ± 4.5 |
| Fasting C-peptide (ng/mL) | 3.4 ± 1.8 | 3.5 ± 1.03 |
| Medications | ||
| Metformin (%) | 31 (62.0%) | 10 (62.5%) |
| DPP-4 inhibitor (%) | 31 (62.0%) | 8 (50.0%) |
| Sulfonylurea (%) | 10 (20.0%) | 2 (12.5%) |
| Insulin (%) | 12 (24.0%) | 5 (31.3%) |
| ARB or ACE inhibitor (%) | 32 (64.0%) | 13 (81.3%) |
| Statin (%) | 32 (64.0%) | 10 (62.5%) |
Data are n (%), means ± standard deviation (SD). DPP-4: dipeptidyl peptidase-4; ARB: angiotensin II receptor blocker; ACE: angiotensin-converting enzyme.