Table 3. Comparison of Outcomes Between Patients With (Group A) and Those Without (Group B) Surgically Altered Upper Gastrointestinal Anatomy.
| Group A (N = 6) | Group B (N = 6) | Two-tailed P-value | Odds ratio | 95% CI | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean age (SD), years | 66.6 (14.3) | 82.0 (11.5) | 0.068a | - | -1.376 - 32.043 |
| Male, n | 6 | 2 | 0.060b | - | 0.968 - 9.302 |
| Primary cancer, n | 0.545b | 0.23 | 0.25 - 1.442 | ||
| Pancreato-biliary | 3 (pancreas 2, biliary tract 1) | 5 (pancreas 4, biliary tract 1) | |||
| Others | 3 (gastric cancer) | 1 (HCC) | |||
| Reasons for EUS-HGS, n | 1.000b | 1 | 0.323 - 3.101 | ||
| Failed ERCP | 3 | 3 | |||
| Failed passage of the endoscope | 3 (malignant duodenal stricture 1, malignant afferent loop stricture 2) | 3 (malignant duodenal stricture) | |||
| Procedural success, n | 6 | 6 | - | - | - |
| Mean procedural time (SD), min | 35.0 (9.4) | 47.5 (13.0) | 0.085a | - | -2.108 - 27.108 |
| Stent migration, n | 0 | 0 | - | - | - |
| Stent dislocation, n | 0 | 0 | - | ||
| Biliary peritonitis, n | 0 | 0 | - | - | - |
| Liver abscess, n | 1 | 0 | 1.000b | - | - |
| Mean intraperitoneal stent length (SD), mm | 11.6 (4.4) | 19.8 (4.8) | 0.012a | - | 2.185 - 14.147 |
| Mean intragastric stent length (SD), mm | 57.8 (7.6) | 57.0 (7.2) | 0.850a | - | -10.432 - 8.766 |
HCC: hepatocellular carcinoma; EUS-HGS: endoscopic ultrasound-guided hepaticogastrostomy; ERCP: endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; SD: standard deviation; CI: confidence interval. aStudent’s t-test, bFisher’s exact test.