. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Aug 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Abnorm Psychol. 2018 Jun 28;127(6):590–601. doi: 10.1037/abn0000364

Table 4.

Regressions of Time-Invariant and Time-Varying Borderline Personality Disorder Factors on Childhood Maltreatment, Temperament, and Global Assessment of Functioning

	Time-Invariant Factor				Baseline Time-Varying Factor

	b	SE	p	β^a	b	SE	p	β^a
Childhood Maltreatment
Abuse	0.88	0.15	< .001	1.04	-0.06	0.15	.70	−.06
Neglect	0.69	0.15	< .001	0.88	0.04	0.16	.79	.04
Witnessing violence	0.53	0.14	< .001	0.68	0.14	0.15	.37	.15
Temperament
Negative temperament	0.05	0.01	< .001	.79	0.05	0.02	.003	.31
Positive temperament	-0.02	0.01	.012	−.21	0.00	0.01	.924	.01
Disinhibition	0.02	0.01	.253	.14	0.05	0.02	.002	.30
GAF	-0.02	0.01	.003	−.42	-0.03	0.01	.002	−.31

Note. All predictors were assessed at the study baseline wave. Each predictor was examined in a separate structural equation model to minimize collinearity and model complexity. Sample sizes for maltreatment, temperament, and GAF analyses were 604, 666, and 668, respectively. SE = standard error. GAF = global assessment of functioning.

Beta values for maltreatment variables were y-standardized, such that they reflect the expected change in standard units in the outcome per one unit increment in predictors. All other beta values reflect completely standardized structural paths.