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. 2018 May 30;42(3):1460–1472. doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3710

Figure 4.

Figure 4

LR reduces LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines release in BALF and serum. TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, MCP-5, MIP-1α, IL-10 and COX2 levels in (A) BALF and (B) serum were measured using ELISA methods. Data are represented as mean ± standard error of the mean of three independent experiments (n=6). ++P<0.01 and +++P<0.001 vs. the Con group in the absence of any treatments. *P<0.05, **P<0.01 and ***P<0.001 vs. the LPS groups. LR, linarin; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; BALF, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; IL, interleukin; MCP-5, monocyte chemotactic protein 5; MIP-1α, macrophage inflammatory protein-1α; COX2, cyclooxygenase 2; Con, control; LC-LR, low concentration linarin; MC-LR, medium concentration linarin; HC-LR, high concentration linarin.