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. 2018 Aug 13;8:12031. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-30229-8

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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HBV DNA load in liver tumor and non-tumor tissues. (A) Box-and-whiskers plots displaying the number of HBV DNA copies per cell as measured by qPCR in HCC and NTL stratified according to HBsAg(+). (B–D) Paired dot plots. (B) Total HBV DNA copy levels in HCC and corresponding NTL stratified by age [<37 years old (yo) and ≥37 yo]. (C,D) Corresponding figures applied to cccDNA (C) and HBV RNA expression (D). Median cccDNA level in tumor part from older patients is higher than total HBV DNA levels due to the fact that we could not amplify a number of samples with very low levels of cccDNA. The situation generates a mild overestimate of the median. A low default value was given to these samples to include them in statistical analysis. P values are the outcome of a Mann-Whitney U test.