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. 2018 Aug 13;8:12031. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-30229-8

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Mutational analysis of HBV. (A) Mapping of mutations and percentage of alterations on the 1,492 nucleotides segment resulting from HBV DNA amplification in patients below (n = 34) (upper panel) and above age 37 (n = 19) (lower panel). (B,C) Bar charts. (B) Proportion of monotonous di-pyrimidines (CpC, TpT) altered in <37 and ≥37 patients. Error bars represent standard deviation. The P value is given by a Chi-square test. (C) Cytosine (C) or thymine (T) mutations affecting non-transcribed strand of HBV DNA in <37 and ≥37 patients. The P value is given by a Chi-square test.