Table 2.
Important limitations of popular drug delivery systems (DDS).
| Drug delivery system | Limitations | Ref. |
|---|---|---|
| Polymeric micelles | Low drug loading, reduced stability, limited targeting ability | [6] |
| Dendrimer | Low encapsulation efficiency, poor storage stability. | [7] |
| Solid Lipid NPs | Insufficient drug loading and relatively high water content of the dispersions. | [8] |
| Liposome | Expensive, leakage and fusion of encapsulated drug/molecules, short half-life and stability issues. | [9] |
| Quantum Dots | Rapid clearance, complex synthesis process, poor localization. | [10] |
| Inorganic DDS | ||
| Layered double hydroxide (LDH) | Poor target recognition, low efficiency, uncontrolled particle size and its distribution can lead to in-vivo tissue damage. | [11] |
| Gold NPs | Uncertain in-vivo kinetics, tumor target efficiency, acute and chronic toxicity. | [12] |
| Iron Oxide | Reunion phenomenon | [13] |
| MSN (Mesoporous Silica NPs) | Hemolysis and melanoma promotion. | [14] |