Table 2.

Multivariate logistic regression mixed model showing the relationship between Plasmodium falciparum antibody responders (CSP, MSP-1₁₉) and the intensity of antibody responses to gSG6-P1 salivary antigen and other covariates

Characteristics	Ab response to CSP			Ab response to MSP-119
	OR	95% CI	P value	OR	95% CI	P value
Ab response to gSG6-P1
Low	1	–	–	1	–	–
Medium	2.08	1.31–3.32	0.002	1.81	1.35–2.44	< 0.001
High	3.74	2.35–5.95	< 0.001	1.71	1.25–2.34	0.001
Very high	5.94	3.72–9.48	< 0.001	2.61	1.86–3.67	< 0.001
Age, years
< 5	1	–	–	1	–	–
5–15	5.05	1.89–13.47	0.001	28.83	15.67–52.97	< 0.001
16–59	32.90	12.57–86.12	< 0.001	285.60	147.36–553.51	< 0.001
> 59	96.89	26.15–359.03	< 0.001	1,629.94	345.53–7,688.80	< 0.001
Gender
Male	1	–	–	1	–	–
Female	0.70	0.46–1.05	0.082	0.46	0.31–0.68	< 0.001
Village
Htee Kaw Taw	1	–	–	1	–	–
Htoo Pyin Nyar	0.03	0.01–0.10	< 0.001	10.16	3.96–26.11	< 0.001
Ka Nu Hta	0.05	0.02–0.17	< 0.001	22.60	8.21–62.15	< 0.001
Tar Au Ta	0.78	0.34–1.81	0.561	3.21	1.46–7.02	0.004
Season
Hot	1	–	–	1	–	–
Cool	9.48	2.69–33.35	< 0.001	0.59	0.23–1.48	0.268
Rainy	8.34	2.47–28.1	0.001	0.45	0.18–1.09	0.079
MDA
No MDA	1	–	–	1	–	–
MDA	0.49	0.33–0.74	0.001	4.18	3.15–5.54	< 0.001
Sleep under bednet
Never	1	–	–	1	–	–
Some night	0.72	0.16–3.27	0.675	2.01	0.45–9.02	0.364
Every night	0.97	0.55–1.72	0.912	1.80	1.02–3.17	0.043

CI = confidence interval; MDA = mass drug administration; MSP-1₁₉ = merozoite surface protein 119. The multilevel model included Ab response to gSG6-P1, age group, gender, and MDA at the individual level, long-lasting impregnated nets use at the household level and season, the population size at each survey, the temperature, and relative humidity at the village level.