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Effect of anti-TNF-α treatment on the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-17 in a hepatocellular carcinoma xenograft mouse model. The levels of (A) TNF-α, (B) IL-1β, (C) IL-6 and D (IL-17) were evaluated by ELISA. TNF-α treatment promoted the expression of these cytokines, but infliximab reversed these effects. TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; IL, interleukin; *P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001, ****P<0.0001.
