Table 4.
Mean±SD and 95% confidence intervals for balance variables in the study for three groups.
| Variable | Phase | Group | Pre-test | Post-test | 95% confidence levels | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lower | Upper | |||||
| Medio-lateral CoP range (cm) | P1 | PG | 3.40±1.32 | 2.70±0.89 | 0.11 | 1.30 |
| SG | 2.92±0.89 | 2.82±0.87 | -0.50 | 0.69 | ||
| CG | 2.91±0.97 | 2.72±0.88 | -0.40 | 0.79 | ||
| P2 | PG | 2.32±0.29 | 2.13±0.46 | -0.17 | 0.54 | |
| SG | 2.25±0.30 | 2.26±0.40 | -0.37 | 0.35 | ||
| CG | 2.44±0.62 | 2.53±0.62 | -0.45 | 0.27 | ||
| Antero-posterior CoP range (cm) | P1 | PG | 4.14±1.05 | 2.58±0.49* | 0.41 | 2.73 |
| SG | 3.87±0.82 | 3.22±0.66 | -0.50 | 1.81 | ||
| CG | 4.10±2.19 | 3.90±1.86 | -0.96 | 1.36 | ||
| P2 | PG | 4.90±0.79 | 2.97±0.35* | 0.66 | 3.19 | |
| SG | 4.74±0.87 | 3.30±0.97* | 0.18 | 2.71 | ||
| CG | 4.73±1.09 | 5.27±1.93ab | -1.81 | 0.72 | ||
| Medio-lateral CoP mean velocity (cm/s) | P1 | PG | 6.04±2.12 | 4.79±1.59 | 0.10 | 2.40 |
| SG | 5.76±1.60 | 4.99±0.83 | -0.37 | 1.92 | ||
| CG | 5.68±1.80 | 5.38±1.62 | -0.85 | 1.45 | ||
| P2 | PG | 1.51±0.26 | 1.37±0.25 | -0.05 | 0.34 | |
| SG | 1.42±0.15 | 1.36±0.15 | -0.13 | 0.26 | ||
| CG | 1.42±0.20 | 1.55±0.40 | -0.33 | 0.07 | ||
| Antero-posterior CoP mean velocity (cm/s) | P1 | PG | 7.60±2.37 | 4.84±1.28* | 0.82 | 4.71 |
| SG | 7.71±1.63 | 5.92±1.42 | -0.15 | 3.74 | ||
| CG | 7.33±2.73 | 7.03±2.53 | -1.65 | 2.24 | ||
| P2 | PG | 2.54±0.42 | 1.59±0.28* | 0.28 | 1.60 | |
| SG | 2.57±0.38 | 1.69±0.32* | 0.21 | 1.53 | ||
| CG | 2.24±0.32 | 2.60±1.26a | -1.03 | 0.29 | ||
| Vertical ground reaction torque (Nm) | P1 | PG | 8.60±2.87 | 4.87±2.31* | 1.69 | 5.76 |
| SG | 5.69±2.20 | 4.35±1.18 | -0.70 | 3.37 | ||
| CG | 8.05±3.41 | 6.08±2.61 | -0.06 | 4.01 | ||
| P2 | PG | 11.65±4.51 | 8.22±3.33* | 0.87 | 5.99 | |
| SG | 12.39±2.16 | 8.13±2.60* | 1.69 | 6.82 | ||
| CG | 10.35±4.13 | 10.03±3.61 | -2.25 | 2.88 | ||
a Indicates statistically significant (p < 0.05) difference between PG and CG at the same test.
b Indicates statistically significant (p < 0.05) difference between SG and CG at the same test.
c Indicates statistically significant (p < 0.05) difference between PG and SG at the same test. p < .05.
* Indicates statistically significant (p < 0.05) difference between pre-test and post-test at the same group.