Table 1.
Environmental characteristics of model and non-model families in Woreda Laelai Maichew, Tigray, Ethiopia, 2016
| Variables | Categories | Model | Non-model | Total (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Frequency (%) | Frequency (%) | |||
| Maintenance | Required | 250 (79.9) | 272 (86.9) | 522 (83.4) |
| Not required | 63 (20.1) | 41 (13.1) | 104 (16.6) | |
| Supper structure | No | 180 (57.5) | 207 (66.1) | 387 (61.8) |
| With wood | 64 (20.4) | 59 (18.8) | 123 (19.6) | |
| Plastered with mud | 69 (22.0) | 47 (15.0) | 116 (18.6) | |
| Material used | Cement | 35 (11.1) | 12 (3.8) | 47 (7.5) |
| Earth with sand | 152 (48.4) | 196 (62.4) | 348 (55.6) | |
| Wood with planks | 105 (33.4) | 93 (29.6) | 198 (31.6) | |
| Mixed | 21 (6.7) | 12 (3.8) | 33 (5.3) | |
| Latrine location | Inside the compound | 304 (96.8) | 296 (94.6) | 600 (95.8) |
| Outside the compound | 9 (2.9) | 17 (5.4) | 26 (4.2) | |
| Distance from house (m) | 10–15 | 244 (77.7) | 219 (70.0) | 463 (74.0) |
| 16–20 | 52 (16.6) | 67 (21.3) | 119 (19.0) | |
| 21–25 | 16 (5.1) | 25 (8.0) | 41 (6.5) | |
| > 25 | 1 (0.3) | 2 (0.6) | 3 (0.5) | |
| Privacy | No privacy | 151 (48.2) | 211 (67.4) | 362 (57.8) |
| Poor privacy | 74 (23.6) | 63 (20.1) | 137 (21.9) | |
| Adequate privacy | 88 (28.2) | 39 (12.4) | 127 (20.3) | |
| Cleanness | No | 214 (68.4) | 254 (81.2) | 468 (74.8) |
| Yes | 99 (31.6) | 59 (18.8) | 158 (25.2) | |
| Water availability near latrine | No | 242 (77.3) | 266 (85.0) | 508 (81.2) |
| Yes | 71 (22.7) | 47 (15.0) | 118 (18.8) | |
| Motivational factors for latrine utilization | Health extension | 130 (41.5) | 133 (42.5) | 263 (42.0) |
| Local leaders | 63 (20.1) | 66 (21.1) | 129 (20.6) | |
| Disease prevention | 43 (13.7) | 32 (10.2) | 75 (12.0) | |
| Neighbor | 19 (6.1) | 6 (1.9) | 25 (4.0) | |
| Volunteer community | 16 (5.1) | 19 (6.1) | 35 (5.6) | |
| Mixed | 42 (13.4) | 57 (18.2) | 99 (15.8) | |
| Supportive supervisory by Woreda health office | No | 9 (2.9) | 12 (3.8) | 21 (3.5) |
| Yes | 304 (97.1) | 301 (96.2) | 605 (96.5) | |
| Number of visit by Woreda health office | No observation | 9 (2.9) | 12 (3.8) | 21 (3.5) |
| 1 times per month | 30 (9.6) | 34 (10.9) | 64 (10.2) | |
| 1–2 times per month | 143 (45.5) | 129 (41.2) | 272 (43.5) | |
| 3–4 times per month | 131 (41.7) | 138 (44.1) | 269 (43.0) | |
| Information on control and prevention of diseases | No | 6 (1.9) | 31 (9.9) | 37 (5.9) |
| Yes | 307 (98.1) | 282 (89.8) | 589 (94.1) | |
| Sources of information | Health extension | 144 (46.0) | 195 (62.3) | 339 (57.1) |
| From TV | 3 (1.0) | 8 (2.6) | 11 (1.9) | |
| From members families | 10 (3.2) | 16 (5.3) | 26 (4.3) | |
| From radio | 35 (11.1) | 20 (6.4) | 55 (9.3) | |
| Mixed | 121 (38.7) | 42 (13.4) | 163 (27.4) |