Table 1.

Selected metabolic parameters in the experimental and healthy control groups (means ± SE)

Parameter	Healthy (n = 30)	Clinical Ketosis (n = 29)	Fatty liver (n = 25)
AST (U/L)	42.15 ± 3.12	160.28 ± 15.79**	348.13 ± 25.5**
ALT (U/L)	19.21 ± 0.45	22.29 ± 0.93	74.30 ± 2.15**
LDH (U/L)	862.31 ± 22.21	1012.73 ± 55.15**	1048.60 ± 63.67**
ALP (U/L)	51.33 ± 3.85	53.10 ± 2.18	49.96 ± 3.39
TNF-α (ng/L)	206.97 ± 35.39	170.65 ± 15.10	1551.12 ± 102.37**
IL-6 (ng/L)	6.42 ± 0.60	7.13 ± 1.95	59.23 ± 10.34**

**P < 0.01 versus healthy cows