Table 3.

Elements of Common Elements Treatment Approach (CETA)

Element	Simplified name (used in training)	Description
Psychoeducation and engagement	Introduction	• Focus on obstacles to engagement • Linking program to assisting with client’s problems • Includes family when appropriate. Program information (duration, content, expectations) • Normalization/validation of current symptoms/problems
Anxiety management strategies	Relaxation	• Strategies to improve physiological stress • Examples include: deep breathing, meditation, muscle relaxation, and imagery. Others added by local cultures
Behavioral Activation	Getting Active (GA)	• Identifying and engaging in pleasurable, mood-boosting, or efficacy-increasing activities
Cognitive coping/Restructuring	Thinking in a Different Way (TDW) – Part I and Part II TDW1 and TDW2	• Understand association between thoughts, feelings, and behavior • Learn to restructure thinking to be more accurate and/or helpful
Imaginal Gradual Exposure	Talking about trauma memories (TDM)	• Facing feared and avoided memories in detail • Gradual desensitization/exposure
Suicide/homicide/danger assessment and planning	Safety	• Assessing client risk for suicide, homicide, and domestic violence • Developing a focused plan with the client and client’s family (when appropriate) • Additional referral/reporting when needed
Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for substance use and relapse prevention	Substance use element (SU)	• Utilizes concepts of Motivational Interviewing to get client buy-in to change substance use/abuse behavior