Table 6:

Laser versus non-coherent comparisons (clinical trials)

Study	Methodology	Indication	LED/non-coherent	LASER parameters	Results
Panhoca (2015) [107]	Comparison trial, uncontrolled	Temporomandibular disorder	630 and 850; 150 mW; 300 mW/cm2; 18 J/cm2; 9 J/point	780 nm; 70 mW; 1700 mW/cm2; 105 J/cm2; 4.2 J/point	There were no significant differences in pain scores and maximum oral aperture between groups at baseline or any periods after treatment.
Freitas (2014) [108]	Comparison trial, uncontrolled	Oral mucositis	630 nm; 80mW; 0.24 J/point; 1 cm2	660 nm; 40 mW; 6.6 J/cm2; 0.24 J/point; 0.036 cm2	LED and laser both were effective in alleviating oral mucositis scores, but LED had more pronounced effects.
Ammar (2014) [109]	Comparison trial, uncontrolled	Knee osteoarthritis	890 nm; 62.4 J/cm2; 180 cm2	850 nm; 100 mW; 0.76 mm2	LED and laser both appeared to be similarly effective in reducing pain and increasing physical function.
Esper (2011) [110]	RCT	Orthodontic pain	640 nm; 100 mW; 4 J/cm2; 70 s	660 nm; 30 mW; 4 J/cm2; 25 s	LED was effective in reducing orthodontic pain while laser was not. Laser dose (radiant energy) might have been too small.
Lizarelli (2010) [111]	RCT, double-blind	Dentin hypersensitivity	630 nm; 25 mW; 5.4 J/cm2; 4 mm2	660 nm; 25 mW; 5.4 J/cm2; 4 mm2	LED and laser were equally effective in the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity.
Lima (2016) [112]	RCT, double-blind	Pain after surgery	640 nm; 70 mW; 10.1 J; 6 J/cm2; 1.77 cm2; 1216 s [Note: Wavelength reported in abstract contradicts with the wavelength provided in the full text.]	660 nm; 40 mW; 2.4 J; 6 J/cm2; 0.4 cm2; 480 s [Note: Wavelength reported in abstract contradicts with the wavelength provided in the full text.]	LED and laser both were effective in decreasing pain on the 6th and 8th postoperative day.
Leal Junior (2009) [113]	RCT, double-blind, crossover	Exercise physiology	660 + 850 nm; 34 red diodes and 35 near-infrared diodes; 1390 mW; 83.4 J; 6.0 J/cm2; 60 s	810 nm; 1 laser diode; 200 mW; 12 J; 164.84 J/cm2; 60 s	LED decreased post-exercise creatine kinase, but neither LED or laser had effects on exercise performance or blood lactate levels.
Lima (2017) [114]	RCT, double-blind	Sternotomy healing	640 nm; 70 mW; 10.1 J; 6 J/cm2; 1.77 cm2; 1216 s [Note: Wavelength reported in abstract contradicts with the wavelength provided in the full text.]	660 nm; 40 mW; 2.4 J; 6 J/cm2; 0.4 cm2; 480 s [Note: Wavelength reported in abstract contradicts with the wavelength provided in the full text.]	LED and laser both were effective in decreasing hyperemia and incision bleeding or dehiscencce.