(A) Reduced ARAS structural connectivity is correlated with impaired performance IQ but not verbal IQ, while diminished ARAS functional connectivity is correlated with decreased verbal IQ but not performance IQ. (B) In some instances, improved performance on neuropsychological batteries is associated with increased ARAS connectivity, with relationships noted between increased structural connectivity and improved visuospatial memory, and between higher functional connectivity and better language abilities. For A and B, connectivity values represent mean connectivity for each patient across 3 ARAS structures and all 105 cortical/subcortical regions. Twenty-five patients (one patient excluded because of lack of neuropsychological data). *p < 0.05, Spearman ρ (A) or t test with Bonferroni-Holm correction (B). Error bars represent 95% confidence interval. ARAS = ascending reticular activating system.