Table 2.

Proportion of Pregnancy Outcomes, and Obstetric and Delivery Complications among Fertile, Subfertile, and ART-Treated Women Stratified by Vaginal and Cesarean Delivery

	All	Vaginal			P-vaginal	Cesarean			P-Cesarean	P-All
		Fertile	Subfertile	ART		Fertile	Subfertile	ART
N	173,130	113,104	1,506	3,133	51,601	1,151	2,635	2,635
Pregnancy complications (%)
Gestational Diabetes	5.3	4.2	7.6	6.8	<0.001	7.0	11.9	10.6	<0.001	<0.001
Pregnancy Hypertension	11.6	9.4	11.3	11.6	<0.001	16.0	18.3	19.5	<0.001	<0.001
Eclampsia	5.3	4.0	4.4	4.5	0.2	8.1	8.3	10.2	<0.001	<0.001
Bleeding Problems	2.6	2.6	3.6	5.0	<0.001	2.3	3.5	5.0	<0.001	<0.001
Placental abruption	1.2	0.8	0.9	1.5	<0.001	1.8	2.4	3.1	<0.001	<0.001
Placenta previa	0.6	0.2	0.7	0.7	<0.001	1.1	2.6	6.4	<0.001	<0.001
Vasa previa	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.9	0.1	0.2	0.6	<0.001	<0.001
Placenta accreta	0.5	0.6	1.1	1.7	<0.001	0.2	0.2	0.7	<0.001	<0.001
Placental complications (all)	2.2	1.6	2.6	3.9	<0.001	3.1	5.1	10.2	<0.001	<0.001
Delivery complications (%)
Cephalopelvic disproportion	6.4	0.5	0.8	0.7	0.2	19.4	16.5	12.7	<0.001	<0.05
Breech/malpresentation	11.1	5.4	5.1	4.8	0.3	24.7	23.6	24.4	0.8	<0.001
Prolonged labor (>20 hrs)	2.9	3.0	4.2	2.6	<0.05	2.9	3.3	1.6	<0.001	<0.001
Dysfunctional labor	17.1	7.2	7.9	7.0	0.5	38.5	35.1	30.1	<0.001	<0.001
Dysfunctional and prolonged labor	17.4	7.5	8.4	7.3	0.4	38.8	35.4	30.2	<0.001	<0.001
Febrile	6.3	5.9	6.4	7.4	<0.01	7.2	6.1	5.8	<0.01	0.1
Fetal distress	24.3	17.8	18.2	19.1	0.2	38.5	36.1	30.8	<0.001	0.1
Cord prolapse	0.3	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.7	0.7	1.0	1.1	<0.05	<0.001
PROM	8.8	8.9	11.4	11.4	<0.001	8.3	8.0	8.3	0.9	<0.001
Length of gestation (weeks)
Mean (SD)	39.0(2.0)	39.0(1.9)	38.9(2.2)	38.8(2.2)	<0.001	40.0(2.2)	38.6(2.4)	38.5(2.5)	<0.001	<0.001
Gestational age (%)
<28 weeks	0.5	0.4	0.8	0.6	<0.01	0.6	0.9	0.9	<0.1	<0.001
28–33 weeks	1.5	1.0	1.4	1.8	<0.001	2.4	3.7	3.6	<0.001	<0.001
34–36 weeks	5.3	5.1	5.8	7.2	<0.001	5.3	7.7	9.2	<0.001	<0.001
≥ 37 weeks	92.7	93.5	92.0	90.4	<0.001	91.7	87.8	86.3	<0.001	<0.001
Birthweight (grams)
Mean (SD)	3,299(582)	3,271(535)	3,257(585)	3,233(572)	<0.001	3,367(660)	3,315(705)	3,282(685)	<0.001	<0.001
Birthweight (%)
Very low (<1,500g)	1.3	1.0	1.4	1.5	<0.01	1.9	2.6	2.5	<0.05	<0.001
Low (1,500–2,399g)	5.6	5.1	6.1	6.4	<0.01	6.3	8.5	7.9	<0.001	<0.001
Normal (≥2,500)	93.1	93.9	92.5	92.1	<0.001	91.8	88.9	89.6	<0.001	<0.001
Birthweight Z-score
SGA	10.0	10.3	9.9	10.3	0.9	9.6	9.7	9.0	0.6	0.6
LGA	7.4	5.3	6.6	5.3	0.9	11.9	11.4	11.2	0.5	<0.01