. 2018 Aug 13;4(8):e00727. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00727

Table 2.

Inputs for calibration of SLS resistance factors.

Parameters	Nominal Values	COV	Standard Deviation	Source
Dead load, $D L$ (kN)	Varied to produce desired $θ$	0.10	-	Kulicki et al. (2007)
Live load, $L L$ (kN)	$D L / 2$	0.12	-	Kulicki et al. (2007)
Material strength, $U C S$ (kPa)	383	0.0 to 1.0	-	-
Shaft diameter, $D$ (m)	0.9	Deterministic	-	-
Shaft length, $L$ (m)	Varied to produce desired $L / D$	Deterministic	-	-
Concrete modulus, $E$ (MPa)	28200	0.15	-	Tyler (2010)
Target probability of failure, $p_{f}$	1/25, 1/50, 1/75, and 1/100	-	-	Huaco et al. (2012)
Mobilized side resistance, $t$	$\frac{t}{q_{s}} = \frac{z}{1.07 \cdot z + 0.13}$	-	0.17	Vu (2013)
Mobilized tip resistance, $q$	$\frac{q}{q_{p}} = \frac{w}{1.10 \cdot w + 0.72}$	-	0.14	Vu (2013)
Ultimate unit side resistance, $q_{s}$	$q_{s} = 1.71 \cdot U C S^{0.79}$	0.66	-	Vu and Loehr (2015)
Ultimate unit tip resistance, $q_{p}$	$q_{p} = 43 \cdot U C S^{0.71}$	0.25	-	Vu and Loehr (2015)