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Physiological effects of RL treatments on seedlings of B. napus Darmor-bzh grown in liquid growth medium and sprayed with RLs. RLs were applied 4 days after transfer in hydroponic conditions and plants harvested 10 days later. (A) Root length. (B) Fresh weights of roots and aerial parts. (C) Dry weights of roots and aerial parts. (D) Chlorophyll contents. Distinct groups are designated by different letters (Kruskal–Wallis test, P < 0.01).
