TABLE 1.
Demographics of the study population including nondiseased (healthy) controls and stable bronchiectasis patients comprising Asian and European matched cohorts
| Nondiseased controls | Bronchiectasis patients | Bronchiectasis patients SG/KL | Matched cohorts | ||
| SG/KL | Dundee | ||||
| Subjects | 10 | 238 | 138 | 100 | 100 |
| Age years | 37 (30–49) | 68 (64–71) | 65 (58–73) | 65 (58–74) | 69 (64–76) |
| Sex | |||||
| Female | 4 (40) | 130 (55) | 77 (55) | 59 (59) | 53 (53) |
| Male | 6 (60) | 108 (45) | 61 (45) | 41 (41) | 47 (47) |
| Aetiology | |||||
| Idiopathic | 145 (61) | 85 (62) | 63 (63) | 60 (60) | |
| Post-infection | 56 (23.5) | 43 (31) | 27 (27) | 27 (27) | |
| Other | 37 (15.5) | 10 (7) | 10 (10) | 13 (13) | |
| Smoking status | |||||
| Never-smoker | 170 (70) | 108 (78) | 80 (80) | 62 (62) | |
| Current smoker | 11 (5) | 7 (5) | 4 (4) | 4 (4) | |
| Ex-smoker | 57 (25) | 23 (17) | 16 (16) | 34 (34) | |
| BSI status | |||||
| Severe | 147 (62) | 84 (61) | 63 (63) | 63 (63) | |
| Moderate | 71 (30) | 45 (33) | 26 (26) | 26 (26) | |
| Mild | 20 (8) | 9 (6) | 11 (11) | 11 (11) | |
| BSI score | 9 (6–13) | 10 (7–14) | 10 (7–14) | 9 (6–12) | |
| BMI kg·m−2 | 24 (22–24) | 21 (18–27) | 19 (17–22) | 19 (17–22) | 27 (22–31) |
| MRC dyspnoea score | |||||
| 1–3 | 200 (84) | 121 (88) | 90 (90) | 79 (79) | |
| 4 | 26 (11) | 10 (7) | 6 (6) | 16 (16) | |
| 5 | 12 (5) | 7 (5) | 4 (4) | 5 (5) | |
| FEV1 % pred | 74 (54–87) | 69 (51–84) | 69 (52–84) | 76 (57–96) | |
| Radiological severity | |||||
| 1–2 lobes involved | 106 (45) | 62 (45) | 43 (43) | 44 (44) | |
| ≥3 lobes involved | 132 (55) | 76 (55) | 57 (57) | 56 (56) | |
| Exacerbations in previous year | |||||
| 0 | 84 (35) | 69 (50) | 44 (44) | 15 (15) | |
| 1–2 | 82 (35) | 51 (37) | 41 (41) | 31 (31) | |
| ≥3 | 72 (30) | 18 (13) | 15 (15) | 54 (54) | |
| Hospital admissions before study | |||||
| Yes | 88 (37) | 63 (46) | 43 (43) | 25 (25) | |
| No | 150 (63) | 75 (54) | 57 (57) | 75 (75) | |
| Colonisation with other organisms | |||||
| Yes | 127 (53) | 60 (43) | 44 (44) | 67 (67) | |
| No | 111 (47) | 78 (57) | 56 (56) | 33 (33) | |
| Pseudomonas colonisation | |||||
| Yes | 23 (10) | 18 (13) | 15 (15) | 5 (5) | |
| No | 215 (90) | 120 (87) | 85 (85) | 95 (95) | |
| Bronchodilator use | |||||
| Yes | 107 (45) | 58 (42) | 39 (39) | 49 (49) | |
| No | 131 (55) | 80 (58) | 61 (61) | 51 (51) | |
| Inhaled corticosteroids | |||||
| Yes | 80 (34) | 21 (15) | 14 (14) | 59 (59) | |
| No | 158 (66) | 117 (85) | 86 (86) | 41 (41) | |
| Mucolytics | |||||
| Yes | 118 (50) | 60 (44) | 45 (45) | 13 (13) | |
| No | 120 (50) | 78 (56) | 55 (55) | 87 (87) | |
| Long-term antibiotics | |||||
| Yes | 48 (20) | 22 (16) | 14 (14) | 26 (26) | |
| No | 190 (80) | 116 (84) | 86 (86) | 74 (74) | |
Data are presented as n, median (interquartile range) or n (%). SG/KL: Singapore/Kuala Lumpur; BSI: Bronchiectasis Severity Index; BMI: body mass index; MRC: Medical Research Council; FEV1: forced expiratory volume in 1 s. Patients in the matched cohorts were matched on age, sex and disease severity according to the BSI. The variables defining the composite BSI score, including BMI, shortness of breath (MRC) dyspnoea score, FEV1 % pred, radiological severity, number of exacerbations in the preceding year defined by established consensus [18], hospitalisations in the preceding year, microbial colonisation with other organisms and colonisation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, are also reported.