Table 3.

Vaginal lubrication practices among HIV-negative female sex workers in Tijuana and Ciudad Juarez, Mexico (N = 295)

	Tijuana		Ciudad Juarez		Total		p-value
	n	%	n	%	n	%
Vaginal lubrication before or during VS
Lifetime	116	80.0	90	60.0	206	69.8	0.0002
Past month	92	63.5	67	44.7	159	53.9	0.001
Frequency of lubricant use before or during VS in the past montha							0.004
Less than weekly	9	9.8	6	9.0	15	9.4
Once a week	6	6.5	6	9.0	12	7.6
Several times a week	26	28.3	33	49.3	59	37.1
Once a day	3	3.3	6	9.0	9	5.7
Several times a day	48	52.2	16	23.9	64	40.3
Vaginal lubricant use with clients in the past montha	89	98.9	63	96.9	152	98.1	0.57
Used vaginal lubricants before or during most or all (≥75%) VS acts with regular clients	54	62.8	16	25.4	70	47.0	<  0.0001
Used vaginal lubricants before or during most or all (≥75%) VS acts with non-regular clients	52	63.4	13	20.0	65	44.2	<  0.0001
Who supplied lubricants used before or during VS in the past month?a							0.09
Participant	71	77.2	41	61.2	112	70.4
Clients or other sex partners	11	12.0	15	22.4	26	16.4
Both the participant and her clients or other sex partner	10	10.9	11	16.4	21	13.2
Who applied lubricants used before or during VS in the past month?a							0.06
Participant	72	78.3	41	61.2	113	71.1
Clients or other sex partners	7	7.6	10	14.9	17	10.7
Both the participant and her clients or other sex partner	13	14.1	16	23.9	29	18.2
Where was lubricant applied before or during VS in the past month?a
Around my vagina	40	43.5	38	56.7	78	49.1	0.10
Inside my vagina	25	27.2	12	17.9	37	23.3	0.17
Directly on my client or sex partners penis	7	7.6	22	32.8	29	18.2	<  0.0001
On the outside of the condom	64	69.6	28	41.8	92	57.9	0.001
Inside the condom	11	12.0	6	9.0	17	10.7	0.61
Applied lubricant at multiple locations	47	51.1	32	47.8	79	49.7	0.68
Lubricant use before or during VS interrupted sex in the past montha							<  0.0001
Never	82	89.1	41	61.2	123	77.4
Rarely (1–24% of the time)	2	2.2	10	14.9	12	7.6
Sometimes (25–49% of the time)	3	3.3	15	22.4	18	11.3
Usually (50–74% of the time)	1	1.1	0	0.0	1	0.6
Most of the time (75–99% of the time)	3	3.3	1	1.5	4	2.5
Always (100% of the time)	1	1.1	0	0.0	1	0.6
Type of lubricant used before or during VS in the past montha
Water-based lubricants	62	68.1	39	58.2	101	63.9	0.20
Silicone-based lubricants	11	12.1	7	10.5	18	11.4	0.81
Oil-based lubricants	22	24.2	31	46.3	53	33.5	0.004
Lubricant used before or during VS in the past montha							0.05
Commercial lubricants only	57	63.3	31	48.4	88	57.1
Non-commercial lubricants only	2	2.2	0	0.0	2	1.3
Both commercial and non-commercial lubricants	31	34.4	33	51.6	64	41.6

Abbreviations: VS vaginal sex

^aAmong participants who reported vaginal lubrication in the past month