Table 3.
Regression coefficients (β) for the association between maternal PFAS concentrations (ng/mL) and total body less head bone variables measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans at 17 years of age (n=248)
| Bone Mineral Density (g/cm2) | Bone Mineral Content (g) | Bone Area (cm2) | Area Adjusted Bone Mineral Content (g) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| β | 95% CI | β | 95% CI | β | 95% CI | β | 95% CI | |
| PFOS | ||||||||
| Model 1a | −0.0008 | (−0.002, 0.000) | −5.94 | (−10.96, −0.92) | −4.07 | (−7.38, −0.76) | 0.76 | (−0.78, 2.31) |
| Model 2b | −0.0003 | (−0.001, 0.001) | −2.08 | (−6.20, 2.04) | −1.23 | (−3.75, 1.30) | −0.06 | (−1.49, 1.37) |
| Model 3c | 0.0000 | (−0.001, 0.001) | −2.02 | (−5.98, 1.94) | −1.63 | (−4.33, 1.07) | 0.66 | (−0.91, 2.23) |
| Model 4d | 0.0000 | (−0.001, 0.001) | −0.98 | (−4.69, 2.72) | −0.69 | (−3.05, 1.68) | 0.14 | (−1.26, 1.54) |
| PFOA | ||||||||
| Model 1a | −0.0020 | (−0.007, 0.003) | −21.95 | (−48.52, 4.63) | −16.98 | (−34.47, 0.52) | 6.00 | (−2.13, 14.12) |
| Model 2b | 0.0012 | (−0.004, 0.006) | 3.50 | (−18.36, 25.35) | 1.70 | (−11.70, 15.10) | 0.70 | (−6.90, 8.30) |
| Model 3c | −0.0015 | (−0.006, 0.003) | −19.55 | (−40.03, 0.93) | −15.48 | (−29.40, −1.55) | 5.92 | (−2.21, 14.05) |
| Model 4d | −0.0011 | (−0.005, 0.003) | −5.94 | (−25.68, 13.79) | −2.99 | (−15.60, 9.62) | −1.02 | (−8.48, 6.44) |
| PFHxS | ||||||||
| Model 1a | −0.0002 | (−0.002, 0.002) | −2.24 | (−11.12, 6.63) | −1.61 | (−7.46, 4.25) | 0.40 | (−2.31, 3.11) |
| Model 2b | 0.0001 | (−0.002, 0.002) | −0.08 | (−7.21, 7.05) | −0.01 | (−4.38, 4.35) | −0.06 | (−2.53, 2.42) |
| Model 3c | 0.0006 | (−0.001, 0.002) | 2.48 | (−4.40, 9.37) | 1.35 | (−3.34, 6.05) | 0.26 | (−2.47, 2.99) |
| Model 4d | 0.0006 | (−0.001, 0.002) | 2.26 | (−4.16, 8.67) | 1.15 | (−2.95, 5.24) | 0.37 | (−2.05, 2.79) |
| PFNA | ||||||||
| Model 1a | −0.0152 | (−0.055, 0.025) | −254.44 | (−457.08, −51.80) | −207.03 | (−339.82, −74.25) | 86.33 | (24.61, 148.05) |
| Model 2b | 0.0102 | (−0.028, 0.049) | −52.55 | (−220.64, 115.54) | −59.49 | (−162.33, 43.34) | 45.37 | (−12.85, 103.58) |
| Model 3c | 0.0009 | (−0.032, 0.034) | −164.58 | (−322.21, −6.96) | −151.14 | (−257.81, −44.47) | 84.19 | (22.18, 146.20) |
| Model 4d | 0.0044 | (−0.029, 0.038) | −77.08 | (−227.76, 73.60) | −71.73 | (−167.72, 24.27) | 40.98 | (−15.82, 97.78) |
a
Adjusted for age at clinic visit, maternal education, and gestational age at sample collection
b
Adjusted for age at clinic visit, maternal education, gestational age at sample collection, and height
c
Adjusted for age at clinic visit, maternal education, gestational age at sample collection, and lean mass
d
Adjusted for age at clinic visit, maternal education, gestational age at sample collection, height, and lean mass