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. 2018 Aug 14;20(Suppl 1):S31–S38. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntx270

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© The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial reproduction and distribution of the work, in any medium, provided the original work is not altered or transformed in any way, and that the work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com

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Figure 1. — Observed trajectories of combustible cigarette, e-cigarette, and hookah use by three groups. N = 3393. W1 = Baseline (Mean age = 14 years). W2 = 6-month follow-up. W3 = 12-month follow-up. W4 = 18-month follow-up. The significance of slope mean estimate of each tobacco product use is indicated in the legends: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01. ^aChronic polyproduct users: Escalating cigarette & e-cigarette / High stable hookah (N = 182, 5.4%). ^bPolyproduct users: Escalating cigarette / Decreasing e-cigarette & hookah (N = 920, 27.1%). ^cTobacco nonusers (N = 2291, 67.5%).