Table III.
Reliable Change Index Scores on Outcomes by Group
| Scale | Surgery (VSG) | WL | HC | pa | η2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Visual Memory RCI (mean (95% CI)) | 1.32 (0.00–2.64) | 1.15 (0.04–2.27) | 0.72 (−0.48 to 1.93) | .78 | 0.02 |
| Categorical clinical change (n (%)) | .83 | ||||
| Improved | 2 (20.0) | 5 (35.7) | 4 (33.3) | ||
| Stable | 7 (70.0) | 8 (57.1) | 8 (66.7) | ||
| Declined | 1 (10.0) | 1 (7.1) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Visual recognition RCI (mean (95% CI)) | 0.38 (−0.46 to 1.22) | −0.25 (−0.96 to 0.46) | 0.36 (−0.40 to 1.13) | .39 | 0.06 |
| Categorical clinical change (n (%)) | .84 | ||||
| Improved | 2 (20.0) | 2 (14.3) | 1 (8.3) | ||
| Stable | 8 (80.0) | 12 (85.7) | 11 (91.7) | ||
| Declined | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Verbal Short Delay Recall RCI (mean (95% CI)) | 0.53 (−0.24 to 1.30) | 0.38 (−0.27 to 1.03) | 0.29 (−0.41 to 0.99) | .90 | 0.01 |
| Categorical clinical change (n (%)) | .37 | ||||
| Improved | 0 (0.0) | 2 (14.3) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Stable | 20 (100.0) | 12 (85.7) | 11 (91.7) | ||
| Declined | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (8.3) | ||
| Verbal Long Delay Recall RCI (mean (95% CI)) | 0.31 (−0.43 to 1.06) | 0.13 (−0.49 to 0.76) | −0.05 (−0.73 to 0.63) | .76 | 0.02 |
| Categorical clinical change (n (%)) | 1.00 | ||||
| Improved | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Stable | 10 (100.0) | 13 (92.9) | 12 (100.0) | ||
| Declined | 0 (0.0) | 1 (7.1) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| RTSD Non-inhibitory RCI (mean (95% CI)) | 0.46 (−0.65 to 1.57) | 0.18 (−0.65 to 1.01) | −0.02 (−0.77 to 0.73) | ||
| Categorical clinical change (n (%)) | |||||
| Improved | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (9.1) | ||
| Stable | 4 (80.0) | 9 (100.0) | 9 (81.8) | ||
| Declined | 1 (20.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (9.1) | ||
| RTSD Inhibitory RCI (mean (95% CI)) | 0.67 (−1.13 to 2.47) | 0.24 (−1.11 to 1.58) | 0.45 (−0.76 to 1.67) | ||
| Categorical clinical change (n (%)) | |||||
| Improved | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Stable | 4 (80.0) | 7 (77.8) | 10 (90.9) | ||
| Declined | 1 (20.0) | 2 (22.2) | 1 (9.1) | ||
| RTSD 0-Back RCI (mean (95% CI)) | 0.26 (−1.36 to 1.88) | 0.05 (−1.16 to 1.26) | −0.35 (−1.44 to 0.75) | ||
| Categorical clinical change (n (%)) | |||||
| Improved | 0 (0.0) | 1 (11.1) | 1 (9.1) | ||
| Stable | 5 (100.0) | 6 (66.7) | 10 (90.9) | ||
| Declined | 0 (0.0) | 2 (22.2) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| RTSD 1-Back RCI (mean (95% CI)) | 1.27 (−0.66 to 3.19) | 0.53 (−0.91 to 1.97) | 0.40 (−0.90 to 1.70) | ||
| Categorical clinical change (n (%)) | |||||
| Improved | 0 (0.0) | 1 (11.1) | 1 (9.1) | ||
| Stable | 4 (80.0) | 7 (77.8) | 8 (72.7) | ||
| Declined | 1 (20.0) | 1 (11.1) | 2 (18.2) | ||
| RTSD 2-Back RCI (mean (95% CI)) | 0.41 (−0.89 to 1.70) | 0.14 (−0.82 to 1.11) | 0.31 (−0.57 to 1.18) | ||
| Categorical clinical change (n (%)) | |||||
| Improved | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Stable | 4 (80.0) | 9 (100.0) | 10 (90.9) | ||
| Declined | 1 (20.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (9.1) |
a
p-value for RCI based on ANOVA between groups and Fisher’s exact test for categorized change.
Note that p-values and effect sizes were not calculated for the measure of executive functioning because of the small sample size and missing data.
Note. ANOVA = analysis of variance; CI = confidence interval; HC = healthy control; RTSD = response time standard deviation; VSG = vertical sleeve gastrectomy; WL = wait list.