Table I.

Youth Demographic and SB Information at Time 1

	Youth (N = 114) M (SD) or N (%)
Gender: female	60 (52.63%)
Age	10.96 (2.43)
Race
Caucasian	59 (51.75%)
African-American/Black	13 (11.40%)
Hispanic	20 (17.54%)
Other	6 (5.26%)
Family SES	42.32 (14.99)
IQ	92.41 (15.67)
SB type
Myelomeningocele	85(74.56%)
Lipomeningocele	9 (7.89%)
Not sure/not reported	13 (4.40%)
Lesion level
Thoracic	11 (9.65%)
Lumbar	74 (64.9%)
Sacral	23 (20.18%)
Unknown/not reported	6 (5.26%)
Shunt: present	73 (64.04%)

Note. IQ = intelligence quotient; SB = spina bifida; SES = socioeconomic status.