Table 4.

Main effect of trace minerals on live animal performance and carcass-adjusted performance of nonimplanted or implanted* beef steers fed varying concentrations† of supplemental trace minerals

Item	CON, n = 24	REC, n = 23	IND, n = 24	SEM	P value
Live animal performance‡
BW, kg
Day 0	389	389	387	2.34	0.79
Day 124	584	585	594	7.24	0.56
DMI, kg/d
Days 0–56	9.66	10.14	10.15	0.195	0.13
Days 56–124	9.42b	10.25a	10.53a	0.120	<0.01
Overall days 0–124	9.54b	10.20a	10.34a	0.177	<0.01
ADG, kg
Days 56–124	1.35	1.38	1.44	0.069	0.59
Overall days 0–124	1.57	1.58	1.67	0.047	0.07
G:F, kg/kg
Days 0–56	0.175	0.178	0.187	0.0045	0.12
Days 56–124	0.143	0.135	0.137	0.0065	0.74
Overall G:F	0.165	0.155	0.161	0.0040	0.67
Carcass-adjusted performance
Final BW∥	577b	584a,b	600a	6.4	0.03
Overall ADG∥	1.50b	1.56b	1.70a	0.044	<0.01
Overall G:F∥	0.157a,b	0.152b	0.164a	0.0037	0.07

^a,b,cWithin rows, means without a common superscript differ (P ≤ 0.05).

^*Growth-stimulated implanted steers (IMP) received Component TE-IS (16 mg estradiol + 80 mg TBA) on day 0 and were reimplanted with Component TE-200 (20 mg estradiol + 200 mg TBA) on day 56, whereas NoIMP received no implants.

^†Supplemental trace mineral treatments: CON (no additional supplemental trace minerals), REC (2016 NASEM recommendations: 10 Cu, 30 Zn, 20 Mn, 0.10 Se, 0.15 Co, and 0.50 I; mg/kg), and IND (feedlot consultant recommendations from Samuelson et al. (2016) of 20 Cu, 100 Zn, 50 Mn, 0.30 Se, 0.20 Co, and 0.50 I; mg/kg). Sources of trace mineral included copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, calcium iodate, sodium selenite, and cobalt carbonate.

^‡No GS × TM; P ≥ 0.13.

^∥Adjusted overall live performance parameters were carcass adjusted with a common 64.66% dress.

SEM, standard error of the mean.