. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Aug 15.

Published in final edited form as: Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2017 Jan 9;24(6):591–599. doi: 10.1177/2047487316686435

Table 2.

Multivariate Cox proportional regression examining association between mental stress (MS)-induced ejection fraction change and major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE).

Predictor	HR (95% CI)^a	p value
Age	1.03 (1.01–1.05)	0.008
Sex (male)	0.74 (0.47–1.17)	0.20
Resting ejection fraction	0.97 (0.96–0.99)	0.001
Heart failure severity	1.96 (1.30–2.96)	0.001
MS-induced LVEF change (n = 282)	1.24 (1.01–1.52)	0.04
MS-induced LVEF change, further adjusted for exercise-induced LVEF change (n = 282)	1.23 (0.97–1.55)	0.09

CI: confidence interval; HR: hazard ratio; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction.

HRs for ejection fraction changes represent increase in hazard associated with a 5% decrease in ejection fraction in response to stress.